ArticleBMC infectious diseases2020
Prevalence and determinants of virological failure, genetic diversity and drug resistance among people living with HIV in a minority area in China: a population-based study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and predictors of virological failure among the people living with HIV on antiretroviral treatment in East Africa: evidence from a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression of published studies from 2016 to 2023.HIV research & clinical practice · 2025Pooled it
- HIV-tuberculosis co-infection in Liangshan, a resource-limited region of Southwest China: trends and implications in the context of integrated prevention, 2019-2024.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2026Article
- Immune reconstitution efficacy and the risk factors of immune non-responsiveness after combined antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 positive MSM and heterosexual population - a prospective cohort study.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Article
- The Future of Newly Diagnosed HIV Cases in Iran Through 2030: A Mixed-Methods Trend Impact Analysis.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Magnitude and factors associated with virological failure among adults on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Dire Dawa, eastern Ethiopia: a retrospective chart review.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- Mortality and immunological indicators of men who have sex with men living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy: a 10-year retrospective cohort study in Southern China.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The association between self-acceptance, emotion regulation, and treatment adherence self-efficacy among adolescents with HIV in Liangshan prefecture, China: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of an Albuvirtide-based regimen for preventing mother-to-child transmission of multidrug-resistant HIV: a case report.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Prevalence and transmission of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations among patients with treatment failure and newly diagnosed people in Liangshan Prefecture, China, in 2021-2023.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence of detectable viral load and its associated factors among adult patients receiving ART in Choma District, Zambia.PloS one · 2025Article
- Virological treatment failure and associated factors among adults on first-line antiretroviral therapy in West Hararghe, Ethiopia.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- The changing molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 in Liangshan prefecture, China, in 2021-2023.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Sexual orientation, gender identity and virologic failure among people with HIV: a cohort study in all of US research program.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Analysis of ART effects and drug resistance in adult HIV/AIDS patients in Meigu County, Liangshan Prefecture, China.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Molecular network analysis of 308 newly diagnosed HIV infection and 210 ART failure patients from rural counties in Sichuan.PloS one · 2024Article
- Strengthening and enhancing national antiretroviral drug resistance surveillance in Zimbabwe-A country that has reached UNAIDS 95-95-95 amongst adults.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Immune reconstitution efficacy after combination antiretroviral therapy in male HIV-1 infected patients with homosexual and heterosexual transmission.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- Treatment persistence of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide and efavirenz + lamivudine + tenofovir disoproxil among HIV-1 patients newly starting treatment in Hunan Province in China.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Status and factors associated with patient activation and its relationship with HIV clinic outcomes among Yi minority people living with HIV in Liangshan, China: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Failure to Attain HIV Viral Suppression After Intensified Adherence Counselling-What Can We Learn About Its Factors?Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLiangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture is one of the areas that most severely affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in China, and virological failure on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is serious in this area. Analyses of prevalence and determinants of ART failure, the genetic diversity and drug resistance among people living with HIV (PLWH) helps improve HIV treatment efficiency and prevent HIV transmission.
methodsA total of 5157 PLWH were recruited from 2016 to 2017. The venous blood samples were subjected to RT-PCR, followed by sequencing of the HIV-1 pol gene, targeting the protease and reverse transcriptase fragments. HIV-1 diversity was analyzed using the DNAStar software and drug resistance mutations were analyzed using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database.
resultsA total of 2156 (41.81%) PLWH showed virological failure on ART. Males (ORm = 1.25), heterosexual behaviors and drug injection (ORm = 1.44) and mother to child transmission routes (ORm = 1.58), the clinical stage of AIDS (ORm = 1.35), having used illicit drugs and shared the needles (1-4 times: ORm = 1.34; more than 5 times: ORm = 1.52), having ever replaced ART regimen (ORm = 1.48) increased the risk of virological failure among PLWH, while higher education lever (ORm = 0.77) and ≥ 12 months on ART (12 ~ 36 months: ORm = 0.72; ≥36 months: ORm = 0.66) was associated with lower likelihood of virological failure. The data revealed that CRF07_BC (1508, 95.62%) were the most common strains, and the drug-resistant rate was 32.10% among PLWH with virological failure in this area. The high frequencies of drug resistance were found in EFV and NVP of NNRTIs, ABC, FTC and 3TC of NRTIs, and TPV/r in PIs. The most common mutations in NNRTIs, NRTIs and PIs were K103N/KN (64.69%), M184V/MV/I (36.29%) and Q58E/QE (4.93%), respectively.
conclusionWe concluded that surveillance of virological failure, HIV-1 subtypes, and drug resistance to understand HIV-1 epidemiology and guide modification of ART guidelines, and target prevention and control strategies should be formatted to reduce the virological failure and drug resistance to promote viral suppression and prevent HIV-1 transmission.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.