ReviewToxins2020
How do Uremic Toxins Affect the Endothelium?
Review in Toxins, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacokinetic study of polymyxin B in healthy subjects and subjects with renal insufficiency.Clinical and translational science · 2024Trial
- Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome through the lens of gut‑derived uremic toxins.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- The hemodynamic cost of intermittent hemodialysis and systemic organ stunning.Renal failure · 2026Review
- Comparing Ibuprofen and Loop Diuretics for Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins Clearance During Hemodialysis.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Healthy diet and slower biological aging as protective factors against microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Potential anti-inflammatory effect of L-carvone in endothelial dysfunction triggered by uremia related to chronic kidney disease.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- The Role of Endothelial Dysfunction in Fracture Healing: Mechanisms and Potential Effects on Skeletal Repair.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Kidney-heart crosstalk: the extracellular vesicles connection.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026Review
- Targeting Uremic Toxins in Chronic Kidney Disease: Current Challenges and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Toxins · 2026Review
- Hemodiafiltration improves performance of 24 hour ex situ normothermic liver machine perfusion.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- MOTS-c is associated with oxidative stress and arterial stiffness in peritoneal dialysis patients: a pilot study.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Complex Interplay with Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- The association between the advanced lung cancer inflammation index and carotid plaque in non-dialysis CKD stage 3-5 patients: a cross-sectional study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Association of endothelial activation and stress index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetic kidney disease: a population-based prospective study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- Association Between Physical Activity Levels and Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the effect of Renaltec in cats with IRIS stage 2 and 3 chronic kidney disease.Journal of feline medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Effects of dialysis therapies on circulating levels of endothelial markers after kidney transplant in children: focus on positive aspect of peritoneal dialysis.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2026Article
- Optimization of Ibuprofen Route and Dosage to Enhance Protein-Bound Uremic Toxin Clearance During Hemodialysis.Toxins · 2026Article
- Altered tryptophan metabolism as a contributor to cognitive impairment in chronic kidney disease: a narrative review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Serum magnesium and risk of arteriovenous fistula thrombosis in hemodialysis: a retrospective cohort study.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Uremic toxins can induce endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Indeed, the structure of the endothelial monolayer is damaged in CKD, and studies have shown that the uremic toxins contribute to the loss of cell-cell junctions, increasing permeability. Membrane proteins, such as transporters and receptors, can mediate the interaction between uremic toxins and endothelial cells. In these cells, uremic toxins induce oxidative stress and activation of signaling pathways, including the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. The activation of these pathways leads to overexpression of proinflammatory (e.g., monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, E-selectin) and prothrombotic (e.g., tissue factor) proteins. Uremic toxins also induce the formation of endothelial microparticles (EMPs), which can lead to the activation and dysfunction of other cells, and modulate the expression of microRNAs that have an important role in the regulation of cellular processes. The resulting endothelial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and thrombotic events. Therefore, uremic toxins as well as the pathways they modulated may be potential targets for therapies in order to improve treatment for patients with CKD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.