The Influence of a Terminal Chlorine Substituent on the Kinetics and the Mechanism of the Solvolyses of

Malcolm J D'Souza, Jeremy Wirick, Osama Mahmoud, Dennis N Kevill, Jin Burm Kyong

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

The Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics (PCCP) Section of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Malcolm J D'SouzaDepartment of Chemistry, Wesley College, Dover, DE 19901-3875, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9368-790X

Jeremy WirickDepartment of Chemistry, Wesley College, Dover, DE 19901-3875, USA.

Osama MahmoudDepartment of Chemistry, Wesley College, Dover, DE 19901-3875, USA.

Dennis N KevillDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115-2862, USA.

Jin Burm KyongDepartment of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan-Si, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Korea.

Funding

Predictive Modeling & Optimal Control Framework for Model-Based Epidemic Response in DelawareP20GM103446 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · PI MELINDA K DUNCAN · 2012 to 2026

$67.2M

NASA NNX15AI19HNational Science Foundation OIA-1757353NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103446NIH HHS P20GM103446State of Delaware DE

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A previous study of the effect of a 2-chloro substituent on the rates and the mechanisms of the solvolysis of ethyl chloroformate is extended to the effect of a 3-chloro substituent on the previously studied solvolysis of propyl chloroformate and to the effect of a 4-chloro substituent on the here reported rates of solvolysis of butyl chloroformate. In each comparison, the influence of the chloro substituent is shown to be nicely consistent with the proposal, largely based on the application of the extended Grunwald-Winstein equation, of an addition-elimination mechanism for solvolysis in the solvents of only modest solvent ionizing power, which changes over to an ionization mechanism for solvents of relatively high ionizing power and low nucleophilicity, such as aqueous fluoroalcohols with an appreciable fluoroalcohol content.

Indexed as

ChlorineFormatesHydroxyl RadicalKineticsMolecular StructureSolventsChlorinechlorocarbonic acidFormatesHydroxyl RadicalSolvents3-chloropropyl chloroformate4-chlorobutyl chloroformateaddition-eliminationbutyl chloroformateGrunwald–Winstein equationionizationpropyl chloroformatesolvolysis

Identifiers

PMID32575637

DOI10.3390/ijms21124387

PMCPMC7353074

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