ArticlePharmaceutics2020
The Vaginal-PVPA: A Vaginal Mucosa-Mimicking In Vitro Permeation Tool for Evaluation of Mucoadhesive Formulations.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Poloxamer/HPMC/Carbopol-Based Thermosensitive Hydrogel Loaded with Ibuprofen for Potential Vaginal Drug Release.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Design of Experiments in the Formulation and Characterization of 3D-Printed Vaginal Films Loaded with Curcumin Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Cervical Dysplasia.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Rhodomyrtus tomentosa-incorporated silicone inhibits planktonic growth and surface adhesion of Staphylococcus spp. and Candida albicans in simulated vaginal fluid.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exploring bioadhesion: insight on innovative strategies to investigate bioadhesive scaffolds.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025Review
- Emerging Trends in Hydrogel for the Treatment of Vaginal Candidiasis: A Comprehensive Review.Recent advances in anti-infective drug discovery · 2025Review
- Enhanced Anti-Herpetic Activity of Valacyclovir Loaded in Sulfobutyl-ether-β-cyclodextrin-decorated Chitosan Nanodroplets.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- The Role of Mucoadhesion and Mucopenetration in the Immune Response Induced by Polymer-Based Mucosal Adjuvants.Polymers · 2023Review
- Low intensity ultrasound-mediated drug-loaded nanoparticles intravaginal drug delivery: an effective synergistic therapy scheme for treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Article
- New Formulations Loading Caspofungin for Topical Therapy of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- In Vitro Investigation of Thiolated Chitosan Derivatives as Mucoadhesive Coating Materials for Solid Lipid Nanoparticles.Biomacromolecules · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Drug administration to the vaginal site has gained increasing attention in past decades, highlighting the need for reliable in vitro methods to assess the performance of novel formulations. To optimize formulations destined for the vaginal site, it is important to evaluate the drug retention within the vagina as well as its permeation across the mucosa, particularly in the presence of vaginal fluids. Herewith, the vaginal-PVPA (Phospholipid Vesicle-based Permeation Assay) in vitro permeability model was validated as a tool to evaluate the permeation of the anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen from liposomal formulations (i.e., plain and chitosan-coated liposomes). Drug permeation was assessed in the presence and absence of mucus and simulated vaginal fluid (SVF) at pH conditions mimicking both the healthy vaginal premenopausal conditions and vaginal infection/pre-puberty/post-menopause state. The permeation of ibuprofen proved to depend on the type of formulation (i.e., chitosan-coated liposomes exhibited lower drug permeation), the mucoadhesive formulation properties and pH condition. This study highlights both the importance of mucus and SVF in the vaginal model to better understand and predict the in vivo performance of formulations destined for vaginal administration, and the suitability of the vaginal-PVPA model for such investigations.
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