ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2020
Association Between Blood Lead Level and Uncontrolled Hypertension in the US Population (NHANES 1999-2016).
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Relationships of triglyceride-glucose-related indices with colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in an American population: a dose-response meta-analysis and cohort study.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Pooled it
- Relationship between lead exposure and different types of hypertension: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Associations of estimated glucose disposal rate with chest pain prevalence and mortality risks: a population-based study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Statin use and risk of periodontitis in US adults: A population-based cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Social Isolation and Incidence of Chest Pain and Mortality in Older Adults of the United States Population: A Cross-Sectional Study From NHANES 2001-2018.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Physical activity patterns and all-cause mortality in U.S. adults with osteopenia or osteoporosis: A prospective cohort study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Association of BRI With Psoriasis and Mediator Effect of SII: A Study Based on NHANES (2003-2006, 2009-2014).Mediators of inflammation · 2026Article
- Analyzing the association of estimated pulse wave velocity with the risk and mortality of chronic kidney disease: a study based on the NHANES database.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- Enhancing Hypertension Risk Diagnosis Using a Hybrid Machine Learning Framework: Leveraging Body Composition Data.BioMed research international · 2026Article
- Association of C-reactive protein to albumin ratio with prevalence and mortality in metabolic syndrome: NHANES 1999-2010.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- The association between whole-blood lead concentration and all-cause or cardiovascular disease mortality in hypertensive patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Metal Mixtures Mediate the Socioeconomic Gradient in Blood Pressure: A Four-Way Decomposition in a Prospective Rural Bangladeshi Cohort.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Associations Between Metal-Metal Interaction and the Risk of Hypertension: A Case-Control Study in Chinese Community-Dwelling Elderly.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Article
- Association of Dietary Antioxidant Potential with Sarcopenia in Hypertension.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Associations between internal exposure to acrylamide and sleep health: evidence from NHANES 2013-2016.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and its correlation with tuberculosis infection: a cross-sectional survey based on the NHANES database.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Association between low-carbohydrate diet and chronic kidney disease in population with gestational diabetes mellitus history: based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database.Food & nutrition research · 2025Article
- Individual and combined effects of dietary vitamin intake on cognitive function in elderly adults: the potential mediating role of serum neurofilament light chain levels.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Association of the newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota and constipation: a cross-sectional study from NHANES.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Association between oxidative balance score and systemic immune-inflammation index: NHANES 2003-2018.PloS one · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background This study aims to explore whether higher blood lead levels (BLL) may be associated with failure to control blood pressure and subsequent uncontrolled hypertension. Methods and Results We used serial cross-sectional waves of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2016. 30 762 subjects aged 20 years and above were included. Uncontrolled hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥80 mm Hg. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) of quartiles of BLL for any hypertension and uncontrolled hypertension by sex using logistic regression, adjusted for demographics, smoking status, serum cotinine, alcohol intake, body mass index, and menopause status in women. The weighted prevalence of hypertension was 46.7%, of which 80.1% were uncontrolled. Men, younger ages, ethnic minorities, people with lower income, never and current smokers, and people with higher BLL were less likely to have their hypertension controlled. In men, compared with the lowest quartile of BLL (<0.94 μg/dL), the highest 2 quartiles (0.94-1.50 μg/dL, 1.50-2.30 μg/dL) were associated with hypertension (Q2: OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.96-1.30; Q3: OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.01-1.34; Q4: OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.08-1.45), but not in women. In hypertensive men, higher BLL was related to uncontrolled hypertension compared with the lowest quartile (Q2: OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 0.98-1.85; Q3: OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.26-2.30; Q4: OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.45-2.65). In women, the relationship was similar (Q2: OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 0.95-1.67; Q3: OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.10-2.00; Q4: 1.70; 95% CI, 1.26-2.30). Conclusions BLL is associated with higher prevalence of hypertension and uncontrolled hypertension, with more pronounced association in men.
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