Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32571917›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020

Genetic dominance governs the evolution and spread of mobile genetic elements in bacteria.

Jerónimo Rodríguez-Beltrán, Vidar Sørum, Macarena Toll-Riera, Carmen de la Vega, Rafael Peña-Miller, Álvaro San Millán

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Plasmid mutation rates scale with copy number.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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  12. Comparative genomics-based insights intoApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025
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  18. Antimicrobial Susceptibility of CommensalAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jerónimo Rodríguez-BeltránDepartment of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain; jeronimo.rodriguez.beltran@gmail.com alvsanmillan@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-3014-1229
Vidar SørumSpanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-7327-6751
Macarena Toll-RieraDepartment of Pharmacy, The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-0978-3139
Carmen de la VegaDepartment of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain.
Rafael Peña-MillerDepartment of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-2767-0640
Álvaro San MillánDepartment of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain; jeronimo.rodriguez.beltran@gmail.com alvsanmillan@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0001-8544-0387

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mobile genetic elements (MGEs), such as plasmids, promote bacterial evolution through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). However, the rules governing the repertoire of traits encoded on MGEs remain unclear. In this study, we uncovered the central role of genetic dominance shaping genetic cargo in MGEs, using antibiotic resistance as a model system. MGEs are typically present in more than one copy per host bacterium, and as a consequence, genetic dominance favors the fixation of dominant mutations over recessive ones. In addition, genetic dominance also determines the phenotypic effects of horizontally acquired MGE-encoded genes, silencing recessive alleles if the recipient bacterium already carries a wild-type copy of the gene. The combination of these two effects governs the catalog of genes encoded on MGEs. Our results help to understand how MGEs evolve and spread, uncovering the neglected influence of genetic dominance on bacterial evolution. Moreover, our findings offer a framework to forecast the spread and evolvability of MGE-encoded genes, which encode traits of key human interest, such as virulence or antibiotic resistance.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularBacteriaDrug Resistance, BacterialGene Transfer, HorizontalHumansInterspersed Repetitive SequencesPlasmidsVirulenceantibiotic resistanceevolutiongenetic dominancemobile genetic elements

Identifiers

PMID32571917
PMCPMC7355013

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.