Trial reportVaccine2020
Safety and immunogenicity of three seasonal inactivated influenza vaccines among pregnant women and antibody persistence in their infants.
Trial report in Vaccine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vertical Vaccination Against Infant Influenza Hospitalization in a Tropical Setting.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Adjuvants enhance protective antibodies against seasonal influenza viruses following a single vaccination of Fluzone.Virology · 2026Article
- An influenza HA mRNA-LNP vaccine induces potent responses in newborn nonhuman primates that enhance protection from challenge.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Future Goals and Long-term Vision of the Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Consortium/Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation Unit Network.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation Units: A Historical Perspective.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Review
- Impact of maternal COVID-19 infection on offspring immunity and maternal-fetal outcomes at different pregnancy stages: a cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Observational
- Review
- Research progress in vaccination during pregnancy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Defining and reporting adverse events of special interest in comparative maternal vaccine studies: a systematic review.Vaccine: X · 2024Review
- Safety of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnancy: a Canadian National Vaccine Safety (CANVAS) network cohort study.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Observational
- Article
- Congenital Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Is Associated With Decreased Transplacental IgG Transfer Efficiency Due to Maternal Hypergammaglobulinemia.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- The association of maternal SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-to-delivery interval and the levels of maternal and cord blood antibodies.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2022Article
- Maternal-neonatal transfer of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G antibodies among parturient women treated with BNT162b2 messenger RNA vaccine during pregnancy.American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveInactivated influenza virus vaccines (IIVs) are recommended for all pregnant women in the United States. We conducted a prospective, randomized, double blind study of three licensed seasonal trivalent IIVs (IIV3s) to assess their safety and immunogenicity in pregnant women and determine the level and persistence of passively transferred maternal antibody in infants. STUDY
design139 pregnant women ages 18-39 years and 14-33 weeks' gestation, and 44 non-pregnant women, were randomized 1:1:1 to receive a single intramuscular dose of one of three licensed IIV3s (Agriflu®, Fluzone®, or Fluarix®) prior to the 2010-2011 influenza season. Reactogenicity, adverse events (AEs) and pregnancy outcomes were documented. Serum samples for hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) and neutralization antibody assays were collected prior to and 28 and 180 days after immunization. Maternal sera and cord blood were collected at the time of delivery and sera were obtained from 44 infants at 6 weeks of age.
resultsPregnant and non-pregnant women experienced similar frequency of injection site (92% and 86%, respectively) and systemic (95% and 87%, respectively) reactions, the majority of which were mild. There were no vaccine-associated maternal or infant serious AEs. Antibody responses to the three vaccine antigens were not different between pregnant and non-pregnant women. The ratios of cord blood (infant) to maternal HAI antibody titers at delivery ranged between 1.1 and 1.7 for each of the vaccine antigens. Influenza antibody concentrations in infants were 70-40% of the birth titer by 6 weeks of age.
conclusionsThe three IIV3s were well tolerated in pregnant women. Antibody responses were comparable in pregnant and non-pregnant women, and after second or third trimester vaccination. Transplacental transfer of maternal antibodies to the infant was efficient. However, antibody titers decline rapidly in the first 6 weeks of life.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.