ArticleThe ISME journal2020
Rapid diversification of wild social groups driven by toxin-immunity loci on mobile genetic elements.
Article in The ISME journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neisseria subflava Type 6 Secretion System competition with bacterial and fungal species.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Aggregative chimeric multicellularity in the absence of lethal kin discrimination.The ISME journal · 2026Article
- Engineered kin recognition specificities in the TraA cell surface receptor.The ISME journal · 2026Article
- Genomic and epidemiologic evidence for attenuated virulence inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Myxobacteria: Versatile cell factories of novel commercial enzymes for bio-manufacturing.Biotechnology advances · 2025Review
- Milestones in the development ofJournal of bacteriology · 2025Review
- Changes in epistatic green-beard alleles induce domain shift in hypostatic rock-paper-scissors-like green-beard competition.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2025Article
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- Naturally competent bacteria and their genetic parasites-a battle for control over horizontal gene transfer?FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Cell-cell transfer of adaptation traits benefits kin and actor in a cooperative microbe.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Two reasons to kill: predation and kin discrimination in myxobacteria.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2023Review
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- Predation capacity of Bradymonabacteria, a recently discovered group in the order Bradymonadales, isolated from marine sediments.Archives of microbiology · 2022Article
- Kin discrimination drives territorial exclusion during Bacillus subtilis swarming and restrains exploitation of surfactin.The ISME journal · 2022Article
- Two Type VI Secretion DNase Effectors are Utilized for Interbacterial Competition in the Fish PathogenFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
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- A Tad-like apparatus is required for contact-dependent prey killing in predatory social bacteria.eLife · 2021Article
- Two PAAR Proteins with Different C-Terminal Extended Domains Have Distinct Ecological Functions in Myxococcus xanthus.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Many species form distinct social groups that provide fitness advantages to individuals. However, the evolutionary processes that generate new social groups are not well understood. Here we examined recently diverged natural isolates of the model social bacterium, Myxococcus xanthus, to probe the genetic mechanisms and evolutionary processes of kin discrimination that occurred naturally in soil. We show that social incompatibilities were formed from horizontal gene transfer of effectors belonging to three distinct polymorphic toxin systems; outer membrane exchange, type VI secretion and rearrangement hotspot systems. Strikingly, the unique toxin effectors and their respective immunity genes that are responsible for social incompatibilities reside on mobile genetic elements, which make up nearly all of the genotypic variation between isolates within clades. By disrupting these three toxin systems, we engineered social harmony between strains that were originally incompatible. In addition, a horizontal allele swap of a single kin recognition receptor changed social interactions and competition outcomes. Our results provide a case study for how horizontal gene transfer led to social diversification in a natural context. Finally, we show how genomic information of kin discriminatory loci can be used to predict social interactions.
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Registered trials
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