Trial reportBMJ open2020
Pulse oximeter with integrated management of childhood illness for diagnosis of severe childhood pneumonia at rural health institutions in Southern Ethiopia: results from a cluster-randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Which children with chest-indrawing pneumonia can be safely treated at home, and under what conditions is it safe to do so? A systematic review of evidence from low- and middle-income countries.Journal of global health · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence of hypoxaemia in children with pneumonia in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Global health · 2022Pooled it
- The impact of pulse oximetry on diagnosis, management and outcomes of acute febrile illness in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- Added value of routine pulse oximetry use within Integrated Management of Childhood Illness guidelines in primary care in West Africa: insight from AIRE.BMJ global health · 2026Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with severe illness in West African children under 5 years of age detected with routine pulse oximetry in primary care.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Care management and determinants of day 14 mortality in severely ill children aged under 5 years subsequent to hypoxaemia diagnosed using routine pulse oximetry in primary care: evidence from the AIRE project.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Understanding health innovation adoption: a realist evaluation of pulse oximeter implementation in primary care for children under 5 in four West African countries.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a novel clinical risk score to predict hypoxaemia in children with pneumonia using the WHO PREPARE dataset.BMJ global health · 2025Article
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- Advance Warning and Response Systems in Kenya: A Scoping Review.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- The Tools for Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (TIMCI) study protocol: a multi-country mixed-method evaluation of pulse oximetry and clinical decision support algorithms.Global health action · 2024Article
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- Hypoxaemia and risk of death among children: rethinking oxygen saturation, risk-stratification, and the role of pulse oximetry in primary care.The Lancet. Global health · 2024Review
- Predicting the potential impact of scaling up four pneumonia interventions on under-five pneumonia mortality: A prospective Lives Saved Tool (LiST) analysis for Bangladesh, Chad, and Ethiopia.Journal of global health · 2024Article
- In-hospital mortality risk stratification in children aged under 5 years with pneumonia with or without pulse oximetry: A secondary analysis of the Pneumonia REsearch Partnership to Assess WHO REcommendations (PREPARE) dataset.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2023Article
- Health System Considerations for Community-Based Implementation of Automated Respiratory Counters to Identify Childhood Pneumonia in 5 Regions of Ethiopia: A Qualitative Study.International journal of health policy and management · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the routine implementation of pulse oximeters into integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) guidelines at primary health care level in West Africa: the AIRE mixed-methods research protocol.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- Modelling the cost-effectiveness of pulse oximetry in primary care management of acute respiratory infection in rural northern Thailand.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2022Review
- Introducing pulse oximetry for outpatient management of childhood pneumonia: An implementation research adopting a district implementation model in selected rural facilities in Bangladesh.EClinicalMedicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess whether pulse oximetry improves health workers' performance in diagnosing severe childhood pneumonia at health centres in Southern Ethiopia.
designParallel cluster-randomised trial.
settingGovernment primary health centres.
participantsTwenty-four health centres that treat at least one pneumonia case per day in Southern Ethiopia. Children aged between 2 months and 59 months who present at health facilities with cough or difficulty breathing were recruited in the study from September 2018 to April 2019. INTERVENTION ARM: Use of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) algorithm and pulse oximeter. CONTROL ARM: Use of the IMCI algorithm only. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the proportion of children diagnosed with severe pneumonia. Secondary outcomes included referred cases of severe pneumonia and treatment failure on day 14 after enrolment.
resultTwenty-four health centres were randomised into intervention (928 children) and control arms (876 children). The proportion of children with severe pneumonia was 15.9% (148 of 928 children) in the intervention arm and 3.9% (34 of 876 children) in the control arm. After adjusting for differences in baseline variables children in the intervention arm were more likely to be diagnosed as severe pneumonia cases as compared with those in the control arm (adjusted OR: 5.4, 95% CI 2.0 to 14.3, p=0.001).
conclusionThe combined use of IMCI and pulse oximetry in health centres increased the number of diagnosed severe childhood pneumonia. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: PACTR201807164196402.
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