Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32564139›Full record

ArticleDiabetologia2020

Sphingomyelin and progression of renal and coronary heart disease in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Drazenka Pongrac Barlovic, Valma Harjutsalo, Niina Sandholm, Carol Forsblom, Per-Henrik Groop, FinnDiane Study Group

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetologia, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  4. Urinary biomarkers of diabetic kidney disease.World journal of diabetes · 2026
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  19. Sphingolipids and Chronic Kidney Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 4 countries.

Drazenka Pongrac BarlovicUniversity Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Valma HarjutsaloFolkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, PO Box 63, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
Niina SandholmFolkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, PO Box 63, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
Carol ForsblomFolkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, PO Box 63, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
Per-Henrik GroopFolkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, PO Box 63, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland. per-henrik.groop@helsinki.fi.ORCID 0000-0003-4055-6954
FinnDiane Study Group
University of Helsinki · FI

Funding

Folkhälsan Research Foundation, Academy of Finland 316664
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisLipid abnormalities are associated with diabetic kidney disease and CHD, although their exact role has not yet been fully explained. Sphingomyelin, the predominant sphingolipid in humans, is crucial for intact glomerular and endothelial function. Therefore, the objective of our study was to investigate whether sphingomyelin impacts kidney disease and CHD progression in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

methodsIndividuals (n = 1087) from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy (FinnDiane) prospective cohort study with serum sphingomyelin measured using a proton NMR metabolomics platform were included. Kidney disease progression was defined as change in eGFR or albuminuria stratum. Data on incident end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and CHD were retrieved from national registries. HRs from Cox regression models and regression coefficients from the logistic or linear regression analyses were reported per 1 SD increase in sphingomyelin level. In addition, receiver operating curves were used to assess whether sphingomyelin improves eGFR decline prediction compared with albuminuria.

resultsDuring a median (IQR) 10.7 (6.4, 13.5) years of follow-up, sphingomyelin was independently associated with the fastest eGFR decline (lowest 25%; median [IQR] for eGFR change: <-4.4 [-6.8, -3.1] ml min CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationThis study demonstrates for the first time in a prospective setting that sphingomyelin is associated with the fastest eGFR decline and progression to ESRD in type 1 diabetes. In addition, sphingomyelin is a risk factor for CHD. These data suggest that high sphingomyelin level, independently of classical lipid risk factors, may contribute not only to the initiation and progression of kidney disease but also to CHD. Graphical abstract.

Indexed as

AdultAlbuminuriaCoronary DiseaseDiabetes ComplicationsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetic NephropathiesDisease ProgressionFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionMyocardial RevascularizationProportional Hazards ModelsSphingomyelinsAlbuminuriaCoronary artery diseaseDiabetic kidney diseaseGlomerular filtration rateLipidsNMR metabolomicsSphingomyelin

Identifiers

PMID32564139
PMCPMC7406485
OpenAlexW3036240546

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.