Trial reportThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2021
Does the Impact of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Vary According to Frailty as Measured via Deficit Accumulation?
Trial report in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00017953 (Look AHEAD), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Look AHEAD: Action for Health in Diabetes
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing Frailty-Specific Treatment Effect in Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review.Drugs & aging · 2024Pooled it
- The association between metabolic syndrome and presence of frailty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European geriatric medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Long-term Impact of a 10-Year Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on a Deficit Accumulation Frailty Index: Action for Health in Diabetes Trial.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Association of Baseline and Longitudinal Changes in Frailty Burden and Risk of Heart Failure in Type 2 Diabetes-Findings from the Look AHEAD Trial.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2022Trial
- Eight-Year Changes in Multimorbidity and Frailty in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Associations With Cognitive and Physical Function and Mortality.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2022Trial
- Identification of Frailty Subtypes in African American Adults With and Without Type 2 Diabetes: A Latent Class Analysis From the Jackson Heart Study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- The Look AHEAD Research Program: A 25-Year Retrospective From the Perspective of Geroscience.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Clinical evidence of exercise intervention in improving adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and frailty: a narrative literature review.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Longitudinal associations of dynamic transitions of multidimensional health vulnerability with cardiovascular disease risk: evidence from UK Biobank.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The association between altitude and cerebral small vessel disease burden in the Tibetan population: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Associations of life's crucial 9 with mortality among older adults with frailty: a prospective cohort study from the NHANES 2007 to 2018.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Frailty and Cardiovascular Health.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Review
- Does the association between smoking and mortality differ due to frailty status? A secondary analysis from the Mexican Health and Aging Study.Age and ageing · 2022Article
- Association between a lifestyle-based healthy heart score and risk of frailty in older women: a cohort study.Age and ageing · 2022Article
- Does the impact of intensive lifestyle intervention on cognitive function vary depending baseline level of frailty? An ancillary study to the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) Trial.Journal of diabetes and its complications · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIndividuals are often counseled to use behavioral weight loss strategies to reduce risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We examined whether any benefits for CVD risk from weight loss intervention extend uniformly to individuals across a range of underlying health states.
methodsThe time until first occurrence of a composite of fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction and stroke, hospitalized angina, or CVD death was analyzed from 8 to 11 years of follow-up of 4,859 adults who were overweight or obese, aged 45-76 years with Type 2 diabetes. Individuals had been randomly assigned to either an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) or diabetes support and education (DSE). Participants were grouped by intervention assignment and a frailty index (FI) based on deficit accumulation, ordered from fewer (first tertile) to more (third tertile) deficits.
resultsBaseline FI scores were unrelated to intervention-induced weight losses and increased physical activity. The relative effectiveness of ILI on CVD incidence was inversely related to baseline FI in a graded fashion (p = .01), with relative benefit (hazard ratio = 0.73 [95% CI 0.55,0.98]) for individuals in the first FI tertile to no benefit (hazard ratio = 1.15 [0.94,1.42]) among those in the third FI tertile. This graded relationship was not seen for individuals ordered by age tertile (p = .52), and was stronger among participants aged 45-59 years (three-way interaction p = .04).
conclusionsIn overweight/obese adults with diabetes, multidomain lifestyle interventions may be most effective in reducing CVD if administered before individuals have accrued many age-related health deficits. However, these exploratory analyses require confirmation by other studies. CLINICAL
trial registrationNCT00017953.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.