Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32562486›Full record

ArticleEuropean heart journal2020

COVID-19 kills at home: the close relationship between the epidemic and the increase of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.

Enrico Baldi, Giuseppe Maria Sechi, Claudio Mare, Fabrizio Canevari, Antonella Brancaglione, Roberto Primi, Catherine Klersy, Alessandra Palo, Enrico Contri, Vincenza Ronchi and 10 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in European heart journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 145 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
145citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

145 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  16. Ventricular arrhythmia burden in ICD patients during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2024
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85 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Enrico BaldiDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Section of Cardiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Giuseppe Maria SechiAzienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza, Milan, Italy.
Claudio MareAzienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza, Milan, Italy.
Fabrizio CanevariSOREU della Pianura, Azienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza (AREU), Pavia, Italy.
Antonella BrancaglioneSOREU della Pianura, Azienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza (AREU), Pavia, Italy.
Roberto PrimiDivision of Cardiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Catherine KlersyService of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Alessandra PaloAAT Pavia - Azienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza (AREU), c/o Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Enrico ContriAAT Pavia - Azienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza (AREU), c/o Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Vincenza RonchiAAT Pavia - Azienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza (AREU), c/o Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Giorgio BerettaAAT Lodi - Azienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza (AREU), c/o ASST di Lodi, Lodi, Italy.
Francesca RealiAAT Lodi - Azienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza (AREU), c/o ASST di Lodi, Lodi, Italy.
Pierpaolo ParogniAAT Mantova - Azienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza (AREU), c/o ASST di Mantua, Mantua, Italy.
Fabio FacchinDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Section of Cardiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Ugo RizziAAT Cremona - Azienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza (AREU), c/o ASST di Cremona, Cremona, Italy.
Daniele BussiAAT Cremona - Azienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza (AREU), c/o ASST di Cremona, Cremona, Italy.
Simone RuggeriAAT Mantova - Azienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza (AREU), c/o ASST di Mantua, Mantua, Italy.
Luigi Oltrona ViscontiDivision of Cardiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Simone SavastanoDivision of Cardiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Lombardia CARe researchers

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsAn increase in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) incidence has been reported in the very early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic, but a clear demonstration of a correlation between the increased incidence of OHCA and COVID-19 is missing so far. We aimed to verify whether there is an association between the OHCA difference compared with 2019 and the COVID-19 epidemic curve. METHODS AND

resultsWe included all the consecutive OHCAs which occurred in the Provinces of Lodi, Cremona, Pavia, and Mantova in the 2 months following the first documented case of COVID-19 in the Lombardia Region and compared them with those which occurred in the same time frame in 2019. The cumulative incidence of COVID-19 from 21 February to 20 April 2020 in the study territory was 956 COVID-19/100 000 inhabitants and the cumulative incidence of OHCA was 21 cases/100 000 inhabitants, with a 52% increase as compared with 2019 (490 OHCAs in 2020 vs. 321 in 2019). A strong and statistically significant correlation was found between the difference in cumulative incidence of OHCA between 2020 and 2019 per 100 000 inhabitants and the COVID-19 cumulative incidence per 100 000 inhabitants both for the overall territory (ρ 0.87, P < 0.001) and for each province separately (Lodi: ρ 0.98, P < 0.001; Cremona: ρ 0.98, P < 0.001; Pavia: ρ 0.87, P < 0.001; Mantova: ρ 0.81, P < 0.001).

conclusionThe increase in OHCAs in 2020 is significantly correlated to the COVID-19 pandemic and is coupled with a reduction in short-term outcome. Government and local health authorities should seriously consider our results when planning healthcare strategies to face the epidemic, especially considering the expected recurrent outbreaks.

Indexed as

BetacoronavirusPandemicsAgedAged, 80 and overCardiopulmonary ResuscitationCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19Emergency Medical ServicesFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceItalyMaleOut-of-Hospital Cardiac ArrestPneumonia, ViralCOVID-19ItalyOut-of-hospital cardiac arrestSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID32562486
PMCPMC7337787

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.