Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32560711›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2020

Presentation intervals and the impact of delay on breast cancer progression in a black African population.

Olayide Agodirin, Samuel Olatoke, Ganiyu Rahman, Julius Olaogun, Olalekan Olasehinde, Aba Katung, Oladapo Kolawole, Omobolaji Ayandipo, Amarachukwu Etonyeaku, Olufemi Habeeb and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Olayide AgodirinDepartment of Surgery, University of Ilorin and University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria. cancer1992@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7102-864X
Samuel OlatokeDepartment of Surgery, University of Ilorin and University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria.
Ganiyu RahmanDepartment of Surgery, University of Cape Coast and Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Julius OlaogunDepartment of Surgery, Ekiti State Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti state, Nigeria.
Olalekan OlasehindeDepartment of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria.
Aba KatungDepartment of Surgery, Federal Medical Center, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Oladapo KolawoleDepartment of Surgery, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun state, Nigeria.
Omobolaji AyandipoDepartment of Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria.
Amarachukwu EtonyeakuDepartment of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospital, Ilesha, Osun state, Nigeria.
Olufemi HabeebDepartment of Surgery, University of Ilorin and University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria.
Ademola AdeyeyeDepartment of Surgery, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria.
John AgboolaDepartment of Surgery, General Hospital Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria.
Halimat AkandeDepartment of Radiology, University of Ilorin and University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria.
Soliu OguntolaDepartment of Surgery, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Olusola AkanbiDepartment of Surgery, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Oluwafemi FatudimuDepartment of Surgery, Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti state, Nigeria.
University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital · NGEkiti State University · NGLadoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital · NGOsun State University · NGUniversity College Hospital, Ibadan · NGUniversity of Cape Coast · GH

Funding

Access Group Center for Research and Policy Analysis (US) nil
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe help-seeking interval and primary-care interval are points of delays in breast cancer presentation. To inform future intervention targeting early diagnosis of breast cancer, we described the contribution of each interval to the delay and the impact of delay on tumor progression.

methodWe conducted a multicentered survey from June 2017 to May 2018 hypothesizing that most patients visited the first healthcare provider within 60 days of tumor detection. Inferential statistics were by t-test, chi-square test, and Wilcoxon-Signed Rank test at p-value 0.05 or 95% confidence limits. Time-to-event was by survival method. Multivariate analysis was by logistic regression.

resultsRespondents were females between 24 and 95 years (n = 420). Most respondents visited FHP within 60 days of detecting symptoms (230 (60, 95% CI 53-63). Most had long primary-care (237 of 377 (64 95% CI 59-68) and detection-to-specialist (293 (73% (95% CI 68-77)) intervals. The primary care interval (median 106 days, IQR 13-337) was longer than the help-seeking interval (median 42 days, IQR 7-150) Wilcoxon signed-rank test p = 0.001. There was a strong correlation between the length of primary care interval and the detection-to-specialist interval (r = 0.9, 95% CI 0.88-0.92). Patronizing the hospital, receiving the correct advice, and having a big tumor (> 5 cm) were associated with short intervals. Tumors were detected early, but most became advanced before arriving at the specialist clinic. The difference in tumor size between detection and arriving at a specialist clinic was 5.0 ± 4.9 cm (95% CI 4.0-5.0). The hazard of progressing from early to locally advanced disease was least in the first 30 days (3%). The hazard was 31% in 90 days.

conclusionMost respondents presented early to the first healthcare provider, but most arrived late at a specialist clinic. The primary care interval was longer than the help-seeking interval. Most tumors were early at detection but locally advanced before arriving in a specialist clinic. Interventions aiming to shorten the primary care interval will have the most impact on time to breast cancer presentation for specialist oncology care in Nigeria.

Indexed as

AdultAgedBlack PeopleBreastBreast NeoplasmsDisease ProgressionEarly Detection of CancerFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMiddle AgedNigeriaPatient Acceptance of Health CarePrimary Health CareSurveys and QuestionnairesTime FactorsBreast cancerHelp-seekingIntervalsPrimary-careTumor progression

Identifiers

PMID32560711
PMCPMC7304119
OpenAlexW3036504793

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.