ReviewEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2021
Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a review of current evidence.
Review in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- Olfactory system measurements in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neuroradiology · 2023Pooled it
- The clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in HIV-positive patients: A systematic review of current evidence.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2021Pooled it
- The effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review.European journal of medical research · 2021Pooled it
- Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 different variants and related morbidity and mortality: a systematic review.European journal of medical research · 2021Pooled it
- Genetic susceptibility of COVID-19: a systematic review of current evidence.European journal of medical research · 2021Pooled it
- Quantitative but not qualitative flavor recognition impairments in COVID-19 patients.Irish journal of medical science · 2022Trial
- Ocular and Neurological Sequelae in Long COVID: Dry Eye, Asthenopia, Sleep Disorders, Asthenia, and Restless Legs Syndrome-A Case Report with Literature Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Editorial: Neuropsychiatric consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic: understanding mechanisms, risk factors, and treatment.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Treatments for Olfactory Dysfunction in COVID-19: A Systematic Review.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2024Review
- Factors associated with loss and recovery of smell and taste after COVID-19 infection.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2024Article
- Traditional Chinese medicine for post-viral olfactory dysfunction: A systematic review.Integrative medicine research · 2024Review
- Is COVID-19 Infection a Multiorganic Disease? Focus on Extrapulmonary Involvement of SARS-CoV-2.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Taste and Smell Disorders: A Critical Look at Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Neuropathic Corneal Pain after Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
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- Can an International Student Group at TUMS in Iran Be a Role Model in the Development of Applied Scientific Evidence in the Era of COVID-19 through Mentorship?Infectious disorders drug targets · 2024Article
- Article
- Effect of oral zinc and steroids on long COVID hyposmia and hypogeusia.SAGE open medicine · 2024Article
- Serological surveillance reveals a high exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and altered immune response among COVID-19 unvaccinated Cameroonian individuals.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionIt is reported that coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can affect the sense of smell and taste of infected people. The pathobiology of this virus is still incompletely known, and it is therefore important to explore the impact of COVID-19 infections on olfactory and gustatory functions. We aimed to review current evidence on olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions caused by COVID-19.
methodsThis study was a narrative review performed in 2020 to investigate the olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions of the COVID-19. We searched eight keywords in six databases to determine the related documents on the main objective of the study. To discover studies meeting the inclusion criteria, the authors screened the titles and abstracts of the identified articles. The appropriate studies were included and their results were discussed to make the final selection.
resultsWe have studied 24 current articles on the olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions due to COVID-19. A review of current studies has shown that we have a surge in the spread of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions that happened during the epidemic of COVID-19 infection. Most studies (95.8%) have confirmed the symptoms of anosmia in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A review of current studies showed that, in addition to anosmia, evidence of ageusia and dysgeusia (parageusia) was also seen in patients with COVID-19.
conclusionThe results of our study support recent reports that SARS-CoV-2 may infect oral and nasal tissues and cause olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions. These findings may aid future research on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of COVID-19 consequences.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.