ArticleLeukemia2021
Response to the conjugate pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13) in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
Article in Leukemia, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccination of Adults With Cancer: ASCO Guideline.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024Guideline
- COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine in Patients With Lymphoid Malignancy or Anti-CD20 Antibody Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness, immunogenicity, and safety of COVID-19 vaccines for individuals with hematological malignancies: a systematic review.Blood cancer journal · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Revaccination with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine five years after primary immunization improves immunity in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Haematologica · 2025Trial
- Humoral and cellular immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a prospective cohort study.Blood advances · 2022Trial
- Poor neutralizing antibody responses in 106 patients with WM after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2: a prospective study.Blood advances · 2021Trial
- Antibody responses after first and second Covid-19 vaccination in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.Blood cancer journal · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Early Intervention with Lenalidomide in Patients with High-risk Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2020Trial
- Investigation of Vaccine-Induced Immune Response After Vaccination Against Respiratory Viruses in Immunocompromised Patients With or Without Hemato-Oncological Diseases (RESPONSE): Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Infections in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Evolving Risks and Prevention Strategies.European journal of haematology · 2026Review
- CORSA study finds spike-specific blunted immune responses in lymphoma patients after SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia and associated chronic lung diseases.Haematologica · 2025Article
- Outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: focus on the very early period and Omicron era.Blood advances · 2025Article
- Best Supportive Care for Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Relevance of Cancer Screening and Immunizations.Cancers · 2025Review
- Preventing pneumococcal infections in patients with hematological malignancies: a review of evidence and recommendations based on modified Delphi consensus.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Vaccinations in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Seminars in hematology · 2024Review
- Enhancing Immune Response in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients: Impact of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- COVID-19 in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: What Have We Learned?Acta haematologica · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pneumococcal (PC) vaccination is recommended for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, response to vaccines has been investigated in a small series of CLL patients. We analyzed the antibody response and outcomes of 112 CLL patients who received the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). An immune response was defined by a twofold increase in the PC-IgG levels assessed by ELISA. The median age of patients was 68 years, 23.2% showed IgG levels ≤ 400 mg/L, 6.3% progressive disease, 52% unmutated IGHV. Twenty-two (19.6%) patients were treatment-naïve and 90 (80.4%) previously treated (40.2% front-line chemoimmunotherapy; ibrutinib first/advanced-line, 9.8%/21.4%; idelalisib advanced-line, 8.9%). Nine (8%) patients developed an immune response, eight treatment-naive, and one on front-line ibrutinib. No responses were observed in patients previously treated with chemoimmunotherapy. Age ≥ 60 years (p = 0.007), IgG levels < 400 mg/L (p < 0.0001), prior treatment (p < 0.0001), and signs of disease progression (p = 0.04) were associated with a lower response rate. Pneumonia-free survival was significantly shorter in patients with clinical signs of progressive disease (HR, 8.39), prior pneumonia (HR, 7.03), and TP53 disruption (HR, 2.91). In conclusion, our results suggest that vaccination should be offered at diagnosis to CLL patients with early stage and stable disease who have better resources for an effective immune response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.