Trial reportPregnancy hypertension2020
Community level interventions for pre-eclampsia (CLIP) in India: A cluster randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in Pregnancy hypertension, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01911494 (The CLIP), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The CLIP (Community Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia) Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in low- and middle-income countries: a review of antenatal interventions to improve maternal outcomes.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of mHealth interventions on maternal, newborn, and child health from conception to 24 months postpartum in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association blood pressure categories-a systematic review of the relationship with adverse pregnancy outcomes in the first half of pregnancy.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2023Pooled it
- The Community-Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP) cluster randomised trials in Mozambique, Pakistan, and India: an individual participant-level meta-analysis.Lancet (London, England) · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Anemia and adverse outcomes in pregnancy: subgroup analysis of the CLIP cluster-randomized trial in India.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Trial
- Blood pressure thresholds in pregnancy for identifying maternal and infant risk: a secondary analysis of Community-Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP) trial data.The Lancet. Global health · 2021Trial
- Role of community engagement in maternal health in rural Pakistan: Findings from the CLIP randomized trial.Journal of global health · 2021Trial
- Terminal Digit Preference and Threshold Avoidance in Digital Blood Pressure Measurements During Pregnancy: Secondary Analysis of Data From the CLIP and PRECISE Cohorts.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Article
- Digital health interventions for hypertension in pregnant and perinatal women in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Informatics Interventions for Maternal Morbidity: Scoping Review.Interactive journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Innovative Management Strategies.JACC. Advances · 2024Review
- Understanding communication in community engagement for maternal and newborn health programmes in low- and middle-income countries: a realist review.Health policy and planning · 2023Article
- A Mobile Clinical Decision Support System for High-Risk Pregnant Women in Rural India (SMARThealth Pregnancy): Pilot Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- What's in a name? Unpacking 'CommunityBMJ global health · 2023Article
- Culturally adapted flowcharts in obstetric emergencies: a participatory action research study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Article
- Pregnancy Outcomes and Blood Pressure Visit-to-Visit Variability and Level in Three Less-Developed Countries.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2021Article
- Economic and cost-effectiveness analysis of the Community-Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP) trials in India, Pakistan and Mozambique.BMJ global health · 2021Article
- SMARThealth Pregnancy: Feasibility and Acceptability of a Complex Intervention for High-Risk Pregnant Women in Rural India: Protocol for a Pilot Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial.Frontiers in global women's health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
29 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesPregnancy hypertension is associated with 7.1% of maternal deaths in India. The objective of this trial was to assess whether task-sharing care might reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes related to delays in triage, transport, and treatment. STUDY
designThe Indian Community-Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP) open-label cluster randomised controlled trial (NCT01911494) recruited pregnant women in 12 clusters (initial four-cluster internal pilot) in Belagavi and Bagalkote, Karnataka. The CLIP intervention (6 clusters) consisted of community engagement, community health workers (CHW) provided mobile health (mHeath)-guided clinical assessment, initial treatment, and referral to facility either urgently (<4 h) or non-urgently (<24 h), dependent on algorithm-defined risk. Treatment effect was estimated by multi-level logistic regression modelling, adjusted for prognostically-significant baseline variables. Predefined secondary analyses included safety and evaluation of the intensity of mHealth-guided CHW-provided contacts.
main outcome measures20% reduction in composite of maternal, fetal, and newborn mortality and major morbidity.
resultsAll 14,783 recruited pregnancies (7839 intervention, 6944 control) were followed-up. The primary outcome did not differ between intervention and control arms (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.92 [95% confidence interval 0.74, 1.15]; p = 0.47; intraclass correlation coefficient 0.013). There were no intervention-related safety concerns following administration of either methyldopa or MgSO
conclusionsAs implemented, solely community-level interventions focussed on pre-eclampsia did not improve outcomes in northwest Karnataka.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.