ReviewJournal of the American Academy of Dermatology2021
The effects of immunostimulatory herbal supplements on autoimmune skin diseases.
Review in Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spirulina and Its Bioactive Compounds as Multi-Target Anticancer Agents: Mechanisms, Immune Modulation, and Translational Potential.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera): a comprehensive narrative review of its role in enhancing physical performance and health.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Review
- The Role of Nutraceuticals in Autoimmune Skin Diseases.Clinical drug investigation · 2026Article
- Identifying immunostimulatory herbal supplements that may flare autoimmune skin diseases: a systematic scoping review.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Article
- Complementary and alternative medicine in dermatomyositis: A scoping review.JAAD international · 2025Article
- Translating Antiviral Therapies to Veterinary Use: A Review of Immunomodulatory Agents for Potential Application in Aleutian Mink Diseases.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Spirulina ingestion and autoimmune disease onset or flare.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Understanding the Role of Type I Interferons in Cutaneous Lupus and Dermatomyositis: Toward Better Therapeutics.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Review
- Drug-induced dermatomyositis: a pharmacovigilance study of the FDA adverse event reporting system.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Risk of Immunostimulatory Herbal Supplement Treatment Among Autoimmune Dermatology Patients.ACR open rheumatology · 2024Article
- Recent Updates on the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Myopathies.Current rheumatology reports · 2024Review
- The Role of Nutrition in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Autoimmune Bullous Diseases-A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Evaluating the Impact of Vitamin DACS omega · 2024Article
- Nutritional Supplements for Skin Health-A Review of What Should Be Chosen and Why.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Pemphigus Foliaceus Possibly Associated with Excessive Intake of Spirulina.Annals of dermatology · 2023Article
- Evaluating Potentials of Species Rich Taxonomic Groups in Cosmetics and Dermatology: Clustering and Dispersion of Skin Efficacy of Asteraceae and Ranunculales Plants on the Species Phylogenetic Tree.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2023Article
- The Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Spirulina (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Immunomodulatory functional foods and their molecular mechanisms.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2022Review
- Subcorneal pustular dermatosis as a cause of pityriasis amiantacea in a young child.JAAD case reports · 2021Article
- Exploring Dermatomyositis through an Interdisciplinary Lens: Pearls from Dermatology and Rheumatology.International journal of women's dermatology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The use of herbal supplements that promise to improve immune health has gained popularity among dermatology patients. However, there is little to no evidence that herbal supplements improve dermatologic conditions. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that Spirulina platensis, Aphanizomenon flos-aqua, Chlorella, Echinacea, and alfalfa activate immune cells via certain cytokines and chemokines. Case reports suggest the association of ingesting immunostimulatory herbs and the clinical onset or flares of diseases characterized by an exaggerated immune response such as lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, and autoimmune blistering disorders. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate the prevalence of herbal supplement use in this patient population. In addition, in vitro studies should examine the underlying mechanisms by which herbs stimulate immune pathways that are already overactive in autoimmune patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.