ArticleAdolescent health, medicine and therapeutics2020
Protective Effects of Parental Education Against Youth Cigarette Smoking: Diminished Returns of Blacks and Hispanics.
Article in Adolescent health, medicine and therapeutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unequal Impact of Flavored Tobacco Across Populations: From Neuroscience to Policy.Basic and clinical neuroscience · 2025Review
- Sex-specific differences in brain activity dynamics of youth with a family history of substance use disorder.Nature. Mental health · 2025Article
- Academic Aspirations of 12th Grade Students in the United States: Place-Based Diminished Returns of Parental Education in Rural Areas.Open journal of educational research · 2025Article
- SMOKES: Study of Measurement of Knowledge and Examination of Support for tobacco control policies.Global journal of cardiovascular diseases · 2025Article
- Unequal Benefits: How Parental Education Falls Short for Black and Latino Youth.Open journal of educational research · 2025Article
- Diminished Returns of Educational Attainment on Hypertension Prevalence among American Indian and Alaska Native Adults: National Health Interview Survey 2023.Global journal of cardiovascular diseases · 2025Article
- Trauma Erodes Financial Returns of Educational Attainment.Open journal of educational research · 2025Article
- It's Not Just Black and White: Identifying the Combined Influence of Multilevel Determinants of Tobacco Use Among Black Adolescents.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2024Article
- Household Income and Subsequent Youth Tobacco Initiation: Minorities' Diminished Returns.Journal of medicine, surgery, and public health · 2024Article
- Household Income and Offspring Education Explain Blacks' Diminished Returns of Parental Education.Open journal of psychology · 2024Article
- Risk and Protective Factors for Vaping and Smoking Among High School Students in Maine.Preventing chronic disease · 2023Article
- Smoking Disparities by Level of Educational Attainment and Birth Cohort in the U.S.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Article
- Self-Rated Health of US Older Adults in the General Social Survey (GSS) 1972-2021: Complexity of the Associations of Education and Immigration.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Race and Ethnic Differences in the Protective Effect of Parental Educational Attainment on Subsequent Perceived Tobacco Norms among US Youth.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Parental Education and Adolescents' Asthma: The Role of Ethnicity.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Immigration Status, Educational Level, and Perceived Discrimination in Europe.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Differences among factors associated with tobacco product use among Black and White adolescents: A cross-sectional analysis of wave one of the PATH study 2013-2014.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Article
- Sociodemographic Patterns of Exclusive and Dual Combustible Tobacco and E-Cigarette Use among US Adolescents-A Nationally Representative Study (2017-2020).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Cross-substance patterns of alcohol, cigarette, and cannabis use initiation in Black and White adolescent girls.Preventive medicine · 2022Article
- Resting-State Functional Connectivity between Putamen and Salience Network and Childhood Body Mass Index.Neurology international · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHigh parental educational attainment is protective against youth health risk behaviors such as tobacco use. According to the Marginalization-related Diminished Returns (MDRs) theory, however, higher parental education is less protective for marginalized groups relative to non-Hispanic Whites.
objectiveTo explore race/ethnic differences in the effects of parental educational attainment on cigarette smoking in a national sample of American adolescents.
methodsIn a cross-sectional study, we used baseline data of 10,878 American youth who had participated in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH 2013). The independent variable was parental educational attainment. The dependent variables were lifetime cigarette smoking, current (past 30-day) cigarette moking, and daily cigarette smoking. Youth age, youth gender, and parental marital status were the covariates. Race/ethnicity was the moderating variable. Logistic regression model was used for data analysis.
resultsOverall, a higher parental educational attainment was associated with a lower lifetime cigarette smoking, current (past 30-day) cigarette smoking, and daily cigarette smoking. Parental educational attainment showed significant interaction with race/ethnicity suggesting smaller protective effects of parental educational attainment on youth tobacco outcomes for Black and Hispanic than for non-Hispanic White youth.
conclusionFor American youth, race/ethnicity limits the health gains that are expected to follow parental educational attainment. While high parental educational attainment is protective against smoking overall, non-Hispanic Whites (the most socially privileged group) gain most and Blacks and Hispanics (the least socially privileged groups) gain least from such resource. In addition to addressing low SES, researchers and policymakers should identify and address mechanisms by which high SES minority youth remain at risk of tobacco use.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.