ArticleBMC microbiology2020
The microbiome of diabetic foot ulcers: a comparison of swab and tissue biopsy wound sampling techniques using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Concordance of molecular microbiology and conventional culture techniques for infected diabetic foot ulcer management.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025Trial
- WGS reveals high-risk clones of Pseudomonas aeruginosa harbouring extensive antimicrobial and predicted anti-phage defense systems recovered from diabetic foot ulcer patients in Egypt.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Phylogenetic Profiling of the Diabetic Foot Ulcer Microbiome of an Afro-Caribbean Population.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Detection of rabies virus RNA in dog-bite wounds in a rabies-endemic area: evidence from an observational cohort study.EBioMedicine · 2026Observational
- Microbial and inflammatory profiling of pressure injuries and urinary tract infections in spinal cord injury: a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- 16S rRNA sequencing and conventional culture provide complementary information in hospitalized patients with chronic lower-limb wounds.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Anaerobe-associated microbial shifts at infection onset in diabetes-related foot ulcers revealed by longitudinal metagenomics.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Sampling method influences hemolymph bacterial communities in the eastern oyster,Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Skin microbiota and diabetic foot ulcers.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Article
- Sample collecting methods for bacterial community structure analysis of scalp hair: non-invasive swabbing versus intrusive hair shaft cutting.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Assessment and Monitoring of the Wound Micro-Environment in Chronic Wounds Using Standardized Wound Swabbing for Individualized Diagnostics and Targeted Interventions.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Antibiotic Treatment Practices and Microbial Profile in Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Cureus · 2024Article
- Microbiome of limb-threatening diabetic foot ulcers indicates the association of fastidious Stenotrophomonas and major amputation.Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi · 2024Article
- Next Steps: Studying Diabetic Foot Infections with Next-Generation Molecular Assays.Current infectious disease reports · 2023Article
- Toward non-invasive collection methods for sampling the microbiome of diabetic foot ulcers.International wound journal · 2023Article
- Pyogranulomatous dermatitis with Enterococcus faecalis in a spotted seal (Phoca larga).Veterinary medicine and science · 2023Article
- Wound healing of experimental equine skin wounds and concurrent microbiota in wound dressings following topical propylene glycol gel treatment.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Association between hemoglobin A1c, Vitamin C, and microbiome in diabetic foot ulcers and intact skin: A cross-sectional study.Health science reports · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Predictors ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHealth-care professionals need to collect wound samples to identify potential pathogens that contribute to wound infection. Obtaining appropriate samples from diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) where there is a suspicion of infection is of high importance. Paired swabs and tissue biopsies were collected from DFUs and both sampling techniques were compared using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
resultsMean bacterial abundance determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was significantly lower in tissue biopsies (p = 0.03). The mean number of reads across all samples was significantly higher in wound swabs [Formula: see text] = 32,014) compared to tissue ([Formula: see text] = 15,256, p = 0.001). Tissue biopsies exhibited greater overall diversity of bacteria relative to swabs (Shannon's H diversity p = 0.009). However, based on a presence/absence analysis of all paired samples, the frequency of occurrence of bacteria from genera of known and potential pathogens was generally higher in wound swabs than tissue biopsies. Multivariate analysis identified significantly different bacterial communities in swabs compared to tissue (p = 0.001). There was minimal correlation between paired wound swabs and tissue biopsies in the number and types of microorganisms. RELATE analysis revealed low concordance between paired DFU swab and tissue biopsy samples (Rho = 0.043, p = 0.34).
conclusionsUsing 16S rRNA gene sequencing this study identifies the potential for using less invasive swabs to recover high relative abundances of known and potential pathogen genera from DFUs when compared to the gold standard collection method of tissue biopsy.
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