Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32544563›Full record

ReviewCytokine2020

COVID-19 cytokine storm: The anger of inflammation.

Mehdi Mahmudpour, Jamshid Roozbeh, Mohsen Keshavarz, Shokrollah Farrokhi, Iraj Nabipour

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Cytokine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 282 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
282citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
10.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

282 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 478 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Endotheliopathy in Acute COVID-19 and Long COVID.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
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  8. Associations between Serum Interleukins (IL-1BioMed research international · 2022
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  12. Three-Day Icatibant on Top of Standard Care in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia: A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase 2, Proof-of-Concept Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023
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222 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Mehdi MahmudpourThe Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Jamshid RoozbehShiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Mohsen KeshavarzThe Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Shokrollah FarrokhiDepartment of Immunology and Allergy, The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Iraj NabipourThe Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Future Studies Group, The Academy of Medical Sciences of the I.R., Iran. Electronic address: inabipour@gmail.com.
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences · IRShiraz University of Medical Sciences · IR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Patients with COVID-19 who require ICU admission might have the cytokine storm. It is a state of out-of-control release of a variety of inflammatory cytokines. The molecular mechanism of the cytokine storm has not been explored extensively yet. The attachment of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), as its cellular receptor, triggers complex molecular events that leads to hyperinflammation. Four molecular axes that may be involved in SARS-CoV-2 driven inflammatory cytokine overproduction are addressed in this work. The virus-mediated down-regulation of ACE2 causes a burst of inflammatory cytokine release through dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (ACE/angiotensin II/AT1R axis), attenuation of Mas receptor (ACE2/MasR axis), increased activation of [des-Arg9]-bradykinin (ACE2/bradykinin B1R/DABK axis), and activation of the complement system including C5a and C5b-9 components. The molecular clarification of these axes will elucidate an array of therapeutic strategies to confront the cytokine storm in order to prevent and treat COVID-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Indexed as

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2BetacoronavirusBradykininComplement C5aComplement C5bCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19CytokinesHumansInflammationModels, MolecularPandemicsPeptidyl-Dipeptidase APneumonia, ViralProto-Oncogene MasProto-Oncogene ProteinsACE2 protein, humanAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2BradykininComplement C5aComplement C5bCytokinesMAS1 protein, humanPeptidyl-Dipeptidase AProto-Oncogene MasProto-Oncogene ProteinsReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2ACE2COVID-19Cytokine stormSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID32544563
PMCPMC7260598
OpenAlexW3030136428

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.