Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32544211›Full record

ArticlePloS one2020

Health status of free-ranging ring-necked pheasant chicks (Phasianus colchicus) in North-Western Germany.

J Liebing, I Völker, N Curland, P Wohlsein, W Baumgärtner, S Braune, M Runge, A Moss, S Rautenschlein, A Jung and 10 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review a brief history of coronaviruses in Thailand.Journal of virological methods · 2021
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

J LiebingInstitute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
I VölkerDepartment of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
N CurlandInstitute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
P WohlseinDepartment of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
W BaumgärtnerDepartment of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
S BrauneLower Saxony State Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety (LAVES), Food and Veterinary Institute Braunschweig/Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
M RungeLower Saxony State Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety (LAVES), Food and Veterinary Institute Braunschweig/Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
A MossLower Saxony State Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety (LAVES), Food and Veterinary Institute Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
S RautenschleinClinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
A JungClinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
M RyllClinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
K RaueInstitute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
C StrubeInstitute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
J SchulzInstitute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
U Heffels-RedmannClinic for Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians and Fish, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
L FischerClinic for Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians and Fish, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
F GethöfferInstitute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
U VoigtInstitute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9505-4612
M LierzClinic for Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians and Fish, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
U SiebertInstitute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-2556-3948
University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation · DEJustus-Liebig-Universität Gießen · DELower Saxony State Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Being a typical ground-breeding bird of the agricultural landscape in Germany, the pheasant has experienced a strong and persistent population decline with a hitherto unexplained cause. Contributing factors to the ongoing negative trend, such as the effects of pesticides, diseases, predation, increase in traffic and reduced fallow periods, are currently being controversially discussed. In the present study, 62 free-ranging pheasant chicks were caught within a two-year period in three federal states of Germany; Lower Saxony, North Rhine-Westphalia and Schleswig-Holstein. The pheasant chicks were divided into three age groups to detect differences in their development and physical constitution. In addition, pathomorphological, parasitological, virological, bacteriological and toxicological investigations were performed. The younger chicks were emaciated, while the older chicks were of moderate to good nutritional status. However, the latter age group was limited to a maximum of three chicks per hen, while the youngest age class comprised up to ten chicks. The majority of chicks suffered from dermatitis of the periocular and caudal region of the head (57-94%) of unknown origin. In addition, intestinal enteritis (100%), pneumonia (26%), hepatitis (24%), perineuritis (6%), tracheitis (24%), muscle degeneration (1%) and myositis (1%) were found. In 78% of the cases, various Mycoplasma spp. were isolated. Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) was not detected using an MG-specific PCR. Parasitic infections included Philopteridae (55%), Coccidia (48%), Heterakis/Ascaridia spp. (8%) and Syngamus trachea (13%). A total of 8% of the chicks were Avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) positive using RT-PCR, 16% positive for infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) using RT-PCR, and 2% positive for haemorrhagic enteritis virus (HEV) using PCR. All samples tested for avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV), infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) or infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) were negative. The pool samples of the ten chicks were negative for all acid, alkaline-free and derivative substances, while two out of three samples tested were positive for the herbicide glyphosate. Pheasant chick deaths may often have been triggered by poor nutritional status, probably in association with inflammatory changes in various tissues and organs as well as bacterial and parasitic pathogens. Theses impacts may have played a major role in the decline in pheasant populations.

Indexed as

GalliformesHealth StatusAnimalsFemaleGermanyMaleNutritional Status

Identifiers

PMID32544211
PMCPMC7297342
OpenAlexW3034879705

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.