ReviewCPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology2020
Data Digitizing: Accurate and Precise Data Extraction for Quantitative Systems Pharmacology and Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling.
Review in CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Do elite soccer players meet nutritional requirements? A scoping review and meta-analysis.BMC nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Ketamine for substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Factors Explaining Age-Related Prospective Memory Performance Differences: A Meta-analysis.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Pooled it
- The prognostic value of sarcopenia in acute-on-chronic liver failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on pain, knee function, and psychological status in patients after primary total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy and acceptability of psilocybin for primary or secondary depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the SIRT1 response to exercise.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- The COVID-19 Pandemic and Daily Steps in the General Population: Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Pooled it
- Population Pharmacokinetic Meta-Analysis and Dosing Recommendation for Meropenem in Critically Ill Patients Receiving Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Pooled it
- Acute Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Muscle Strength and Power in Trained Male Individuals: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Pooled it
- Improving cost-effectiveness of endoscopic surveillance for Barrett's esophagus by reducing low-value care: a review of economic evaluations.Surgical endoscopy · 2021Pooled it
- Anchored Indirect Treatment Comparison Finds Comparable Effects of Pegcetacoplan and Iptacopan in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria.European journal of haematology · 2025Trial
- PKRxiv: A Best Practice Model for Advancing Pharmacoequity Through Open Pharmacokinetic Data Sharing.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- PBPK modeling of the antidepressant doxepin incorporating CYP2D6 genotype for precision pharmacotherapy.Archives of pharmacal research · 2026Article
- Nutrition as a missing piece in the development of youth male soccer players: a scoping review and future directions.Biology of sport · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Fentanyl-Emerged Adverse Events and Pharmacokinetics in Neonates: A Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Approach.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2025Article
- Nutrition in CrossFit® - scientific evidence and practical perspectives: a systematic scoping review.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Article
- Can different small-sided game formats impact physiological, physical, technical, and tactical demands in basketball players? A systematic review with meta-analysis.Biology of sport · 2025Review
- The dawn of a new era: can machine learning and large language models reshape QSP modeling?Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2025Review
- Pharmacological Effects and Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Dehydroandrographolide.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) and physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, data digitizing is a valuable tool to extract numerical information from published data presented as graphs. To quantify their relevance, a literature search revealed a remarkable mean increase of 16% per year in publications citing digitizing software together with QSP or PBPK. Accuracy, precision, confounder influence, and variability were investigated using scaled median symmetric accuracy (ζ), thus finding excellent accuracy (mean ζ = 0.99%). Although significant, no relevant confounders were found (mean ζ ± SD circles = 0.69% ± 0.68% vs. triangles = 1.3% ± 0.62%). Analysis of 181 literature peak plasma concentration values revealed a considerable discrepancy between reported and post hoc digitized data with 85% having ζ > 5%. Our findings suggest that data digitizing is precise and important. However, because the greatest pitfall comes from pre-existing errors, we recommend always making published data available as raw values.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.