SynthesisEndocrine2020
Worldwide ACE (I/D) polymorphism may affect COVID-19 recovery rate: an ecological meta-regression.
Synthesis in Endocrine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to COVID-19 disease and severity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- COVID-19 as a worldwide selective event and bitter taste receptor polymorphisms: An ecological correlational study.International journal of biological macromolecules · 2021Pooled it
- Ethnic and age-specific acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome risk associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphisms, implications for COVID-19: A meta-analysis.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2021Pooled it
- The Distribution of Sport Performance Gene Variations Through COVID-19 Disease Severity.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The first assessment of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 1 (ACE1) D/I polymorphism and demographic factors in association with COVID-19 outcomes in the Moroccan Population.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Effect of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) (I/D) Polymorphism in COVID-19 Patients and Their Healthy Contacts.Cureus · 2023Article
- Clinical implications of COVID-19 in patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Impact of ACE and Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidases Polymorphisms on COVID-19 Outcome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Exploring the ethics of genetic prioritisation for COVID-19 vaccines.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2022Review
- Low incidence of COVID-19 case severity and mortality in Africa; Could malaria co-infection provide the missing link?BMC infectious diseases · 2022Review
- The role of angiotensin I converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism in the severity and outcomes of COVID-19 patients.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Association Between theFrontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Host polymorphisms and COVID-19 infection.Advances in clinical chemistry · 2022Article
- The striking mimics between COVID-19 and malaria: A review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Article
- The Renin-Angiotensin System: A Key Role in SARS-CoV-2-Induced COVID-19.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Strong Association of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism with Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, Hypertension, Coronary Artery Disease and COVID-19 Disease Mortality.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- Infection of Human Cells by SARS-CoV-2 and Molecular Overview of Gastrointestinal, Neurological, and Hepatic Problems in COVID-19 Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- In-hospital use of ACE inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers associates with COVID-19 outcomes in African American patients.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
With the emergence of the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV), researchers worldwide have started detecting the probable pathogenesis of the disease. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and angiotensin-converting enzymes have received a good deal of attention as possible pathways involved in 2019-nCoV pathogenesis. As the experiments seeking to find potential medications acting on these pathways are being conducted in the early phases, having an ecological worldview on the relationship between the prevalence of COVID-19 disease and the genetic differences in the genes involved in the RAS system could be valuable for the field. In this regard, we conducted a meta-analysis study of the prevalence of ACE (I/D) genotype in countries most affected by the COVID-19. In the meta-analysis, 48,758 healthy subjects from 30 different countries were evaluated in 116 studies, using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis software. The I/D allele frequency ratio was pooled by a random-effect model. The COVID-19 prevalence data of death and recovery rates were evaluated as the latitudes for the meta-regression analysis. Our results demonstrated that with the increase of the I/D allele frequency ratio, the recovery rate significantly increased (point estimate: 0.48, CI 95%: 0.05-0.91, p = 0.027). However, there was no significant difference in the case of death rate (point estimate: 1.74, CI 95%: 4.5-1.04, p = 0.22). This ecological perspective coupled with many limitations does not provide a direct clinical relevance between the COVID-19 and RAS system, but it shows potential pathophysiological associations. Our results raise concerns about ethnic and genetic differences that could affect the effectiveness of the currently investigated RAS-associated medications in different regions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.