ArticleScientific reports2020
A longitudinal study of the development of the saliva microbiome in infants 2 days to 5 years compared to the microbiome in adolescents.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of caries microbiome studies can improve upon disease prediction outcomes.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2022Pooled it
- Exploring Oral Microbiome in Healthy Infants and Children: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Longitudinal development of infant oral ecosystem: salivary metabolomic, bacteriome, and virome dynamics in early infancy.mSystems · 2026Article
- Life stage shifts in salivary microbiota determinants: a cross-sectional study in twins.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- [Age-Related Changes in the Oral Microbiota].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2026Review
- Oral Mycobiome Alterations in Children with Phenylketonuria: Associations with Dietary Intake and Metabolic Context-A Pilot Study.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Perinatal and early childhood determinants of disease persistence in PFAPA.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Oral microbiota assessment at different time points during the first year of life: delivery mode and breastfeeding shape the bacterial community.International breastfeeding journal · 2026Article
- Effects of cigarette smoking on the oral microbiome in adolescents.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Oral microbiota composition in children and adults during Spanish COVID-19 lockdown: impact of home self-confinement and SARS-CoV-2 infection.Journal of oral microbiology · 2026Article
- Harmonized multi-cohort analysis of oral microbiome development during early lifetime.Journal of oral microbiology · 2026Article
- Early-life gut and oral microbiota development: a multi-niche study including mother-partner-infant triads.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- The Infant Oral Microbiome: Developmental Dynamics, Modulating Factors, and Implications for Oral and Systemic Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- NorthPop: a prospective population-based birth cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Dysbiosis of Oral Microbiome: A Key Player in Oral Carcinogenesis? A Critical Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Perinatal factors influencing the earliest establishment of the infant microbiome.Microbiome research reports · 2025Article
- Anesthetics change the oral microbial composition of children and increase the abundance of the genusTranslational pediatrics · 2024Article
- Human Salivary Microbiota Diversity According to Ethnicity, Sex, TRPV1 Variants and Sensitivity to Capsaicin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Upper respiratory microbial communities of healthy populations are shaped by niche and age.Microbiome · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Understanding oral microbiota programming attracts increasing interest due to its importance for oral health and potential associations with systemic diseases. Here the oral microbiota was longitudinally characterized in children from 2 days (n = 206) to 5 years of age and in young adults (n = 175) by sequencing of the v3-v4 region of the 16S rRNA gene from saliva extracted DNA. Alpha diversity increased by age, with 2-day- and 3-month-old infants in one sub-group, and 18-month- and 3-year-old children in another. Firmicutes decreased up to 3 years of age, whereas Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria abundances increased. Abiotrophia, Actinomyces, Capnocytophaga, Corynebacterium, Fusobacterium, Kingella, Leptotrichia, Neisseria and Porphyromonas appeared from 18-months of age. This was paralleled by expansions in the core microbiome that continued up to adulthood. The age-related microbiota transformation was paralleled by functional alterations, e.g., changed metabolic pathways that reflected e.g., breastfeeding and increasing proportions of anaerobic species. Oral microbiotas differed by feeding mode and weakly by mode of delivery, but not gender, pacifier use or cleaning method or probiotic intake. The study shows that the saliva microbiota is diverse 2 days after birth and under transformation up to 5 years of age and beyond, with fluctuations possibly reflecting age-related environmental influences.
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Registered trials
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