ReviewPharmacological reviews2020
Drug Resistance in Epilepsy: Clinical Impact, Potential Mechanisms, and New Innovative Treatment Options.
Review in Pharmacological reviews, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 434 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Association of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) rs6265 Gene Polymorphism With Susceptibility to Epilepsy
The Efficacy of Ketogenic Diet in Treating Pediatric Intractable Epilepsy and Its Relationship With Changes in Inflammatory Markers
Predictors of Anti-seizure Medication Resistance in Pediatric Epilepsy
Who cites it
434 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 805 citations in OpenAlex.
- Imaging insights into temporal lobe epilepsy: an AES-SDM meta-analysis and retrospective cohort study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Pooled it
- Diagnostic performance of neuroimaging modalities for epileptogenic focus localization: A systematic review.Epilepsia open · 2026Pooled it
- The Role of MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis and as Biomarkers for Pediatric Epilepsy: A Systematic Review.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of Brivaracetam as adjunctive therapy in pediatric epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Pooled it
- Genome-wide association meta-analyses of drug-resistant epilepsy.EBioMedicine · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of antioxidants and dietary therapies for epilepsy: an umbrella meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluation of long-term quality of life in traumatic brain injury patients early treated with biperiden - a randomized controlled trial.BMC neurology · 2026Trial
- Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence evaluation of two oral formulations of topiramate tablets in healthy Chinese male volunteers under fasting and fed conditions.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Trial
- Antiepileptic and antiepileptogenic effects ofIBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Metabolic and redox modulation by 2-deoxy-D-glucose and sodium selenite protects against pentylenetetrazole-kindled seizures, neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Article
- Benzodiazepines in Epilepsy: A US Perspective on Clinical Use, Pharmacology, Abuse Methods, and Public Health Considerations.Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- Lvguidingan inhibits Nav1.2 and epilepsy-associated SCN2A gain-of-function variants.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Bistromathics in Epilepsy and the Relativity of Numbers.CNS drugs · 2026Article
- Deletion of Astrocytic TNFR1 Attenuates Hyperexcitability and Initiation of Epileptogenesis.Glia · 2026Article
- Comparison of selective amygdalohippocampectomy and anterior temporal lobectomy for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Epilepsy & behavior reports · 2026Article
- GABASynapse (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Review
- The Mechanism of Long Non-coding RNA GABPB1-AS1/SLC12A5 Regulating Neuronal Ferroptosis in Epileptic Seizures.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Potential Role of Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes (MAMs) Abnormalities in Epileptogenesis: Multimodal Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Sigma-1 Expression in Chronic Mouse Models of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
374 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurologic disorder that affects over 70 million people worldwide. Despite the availability of over 20 antiseizure drugs (ASDs) for symptomatic treatment of epileptic seizures, about one-third of patients with epilepsy have seizures refractory to pharmacotherapy. Patients with such drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) have increased risks of premature death, injuries, psychosocial dysfunction, and a reduced quality of life, so development of more effective therapies is an urgent clinical need. However, the various types of epilepsy and seizures and the complex temporal patterns of refractoriness complicate the issue. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms of DRE are not fully understood, though recent work has begun to shape our understanding more clearly. Experimental models of DRE offer opportunities to discover, characterize, and challenge putative mechanisms of drug resistance. Furthermore, such preclinical models are important in developing therapies that may overcome drug resistance. Here, we will review the current understanding of the molecular, genetic, and structural mechanisms of ASD resistance and discuss how to overcome this problem. Encouragingly, better elucidation of the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning epilepsies and drug resistance by concerted preclinical and clinical efforts have recently enabled a revised approach to the development of more promising therapies, including numerous potential etiology-specific drugs ("precision medicine") for severe pediatric (monogenetic) epilepsies and novel multitargeted ASDs for acquired partial epilepsies, suggesting that the long hoped-for breakthrough in therapy for as-yet ASD-resistant patients is a feasible goal. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Drug resistance provides a major challenge in epilepsy management. Here, we will review the current understanding of the molecular, genetic, and structural mechanisms of drug resistance in epilepsy and discuss how the problem might be overcome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.