ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2020
Antibody cocktail to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein prevents rapid mutational escape seen with individual antibodies.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05502081 (Clinical Study to Evaluate the Possible Efficacy and Safety of Antibodies Combination), which is not on this map. Cited by 882 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Study to Evaluate the Possible Efficacy and Safety of Antibodies Combination (Casirivimab and Imdevimab) Versus Standard Antiviral Therapy (Remdesivir and Favipravir) as Antiviral Agent Against Corona Virus 2 Infection in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients
Who cites it
882 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 1,467 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding Mutations in Human SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein: A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis.Viruses · 2023Pooled it
- Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody SA55 injection in healthy participants.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Trial
- Comparing the efficacy of regen-cov, remdesivir, and favipiravir in reducing invasive mechanical ventilation need in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.World journal of clinical cases · 2023Trial
- Casirivimab + imdevimab accelerates symptom resolution linked to improved COVID-19 outcomes across susceptible antibody and risk profiles.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Phase 1 study of safety, pharmacokinetics, and antiviral activity of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing monoclonal antibody ABBV-47D11 in patients with COVID-19.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2023Trial
- Casirivimab and Imdevimab for the Treatment of Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Neutralizing epitope mapping for deltacoronavirus receptor-binding domain and seroepidemiological survey across different animal species.Virulence · 2026Article
- An IgG-like fusion protein comprising an anti-spike S2 antibody and ACE2 exhibits potent and broad neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern.Antibody therapeutics · 2026Article
- Identification of Four Compounds with S-RBD-Binding and Pseudovirus Entry-Inhibitory Activity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The SARS-CoV-2 S2'-helix compared to stem helix confers higher genetic barrier to antibody resistance.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Directed evolution of a stem-helix-targeting antibody enables MERS-CoV cross-neutralization through enhanced binding affinity.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- The Role of Human Viral Entry Receptor Mouse Models in Advancing Antiviral Antibodies and Vaccines.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Article
- The Shifting Paradigm of Monoclonal Antibodies in COVID-19 Management: From Early Triumphs to Viral Resistance and Future Perspectives.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Screening of putative inhibitors for cytotoxin VacA from Helicobacter pylori.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A designed overlapping variant immunogen pool elicits broad sarbecovirus neutralization.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Broad Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2: Current Progress and Engineering Strategies.Viruses · 2026Review
- A cocktail of SARS-CoV-2 S stem helix domain and receptor binding domain human monoclonal antibodies prevents the emergence of viral escape mutants.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Computational design of an ultrapotent deltacoronavirus miniprotein inhibitor.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Co-Expression and Co-Purification Enable Manufacturing of a Six-Monoclonal Antibody Botulinum Antitoxin Cocktail.Toxins · 2026Article
822 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antibodies targeting the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) present a promising approach to combat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; however, concerns remain that mutations can yield antibody resistance. We investigated the development of resistance against four antibodies to the spike protein that potently neutralize SARS-CoV-2, individually as well as when combined into cocktails. These antibodies remain effective against spike variants that have arisen in the human population. However, novel spike mutants rapidly appeared after in vitro passaging in the presence of individual antibodies, resulting in loss of neutralization; such escape also occurred with combinations of antibodies binding diverse but overlapping regions of the spike protein. Escape mutants were not generated after treatment with a noncompeting antibody cocktail.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.