ReviewTrends in parasitology2020
Pathogens Shape Sex Differences in Mammalian Aging.
Review in Trends in parasitology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- The aging immune system and all-cause mortality in older americans: differences across sex and race/ethnicity.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Article
- Examining the relationship between biomarkers of immune aging and prevalent physical disability in the health and retirement study.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Trade-offs between sociality and gastrointestinal parasite infection in the context of a natural disaster.Animal behaviour · 2024Article
- Sex bias in mortality risk changes over the lifespan of bottlenose dolphins.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Sexual identity of enterocytes regulates autophagy to determine intestinal health, lifespan and responses to rapamycin.Nature aging · 2022Article
- Variations in immune parameters with age in a wild rodent population and links with survival.Ecology and evolution · 2022Article
- DNA methylation as a tool to explore ageing in wild roe deer populations.Molecular ecology resources · 2022Article
- Sexual dimorphism in immune function and oxidative physiology across birds: The role of sexual selection.Ecology letters · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Understanding the origin of sex differences in lifespan and aging patterns remains a salient challenge in both biogerontology and evolutionary biology. Different factors have been studied but the potential influence of pathogens has never been investigated. Sex differences, especially in hormones and resource allocation, generate a differential response to pathogens and thereby shape sex differences in lifespan or aging. We provide an integrative framework linking host pathogenic environment with both sex-specific selections on immune performance and mortality trajectories. We propose future directions to fill existing knowledge gaps about mechanisms that link sex differences, not only to exposition and sensitivity to pathogens, but also to mortality patterns, whilst emphasizing the urgent need to consider the role of sex in medicine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.