ReviewThe Lancet. Infectious diseases2020
A minimal common outcome measure set for COVID-19 clinical research.
Review in The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 10 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,077 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An Open-Label Randomized Study of Isoquercetin (IQC-950AN) Plus Standard of Care Versus Standard of Care Only for the Treatment of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
Randomized Controlled Trial of Methylprednisolone Versus Dexamethasone in COVID-19 Pneumonia (MEDEAS Trial)
Effect of Dexamethasone in Patients With ARDS and COVID-19 - Prospective, Multi-centre, Open-label, Parallel-group, Randomized Controlled Trial (REMED Trial)
A Phase III Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multicenter Study to Determine the Safety and Efficacy of AZD7442 for the Treatment of COVID-19 in Non-hospitalized Adults
Superinfection and Hyperinflammatory Phenotype in COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) Pneumonia Patients (SUPER-HI) - Prospective Observational Study
Clinical Trial of Convalescent Plasma Administration as Adjunct Therapy for COVID-19 (Uji Klinik Pemberian Plasma Konvalesen Sebagai Terapi Tambahan COVID-19)
Emergency PanorOmic Wide Association Study in Respiratory Infectious Disease (ePWAS-RID)
Accelerating COVID-19 Clinical Recovery in the Outpatient Setting: Retrospective Data Collection and Analysis of COVID-19 Patients Treated With ClorNovir® (Chlorpheniramine Maleate (0.4% Nasal Spray)
The Potential Role of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-Products, Serum, Krebs Von Den Lungen-6, and Surfactant Protein D as Prognostic Factors in Children With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2)
Early Prednisolone for Suspected Community-acquired Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (PREDICATE): A Double-blind, Randomised, Multi-centre, Adaptive Platform, Controlled Trial
Who cites it
1,077 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Convalescent Plasma Restores Viral Clearance After Anti-Spike Monoclonal Antibody Failure in Immunocompromised COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Pooled it
- Tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors decrease mortality in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Phase IIB, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of Intravenous Defibrotide for the Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Distress and Cytokine Release Syndrome in COVID-19.European journal of haematology · 2026Trial
- Ivermectin for Critically and Noncritically Ill Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19: Randomized, Embedded, Multifactorial Adaptive Platform Trial for Community-Acquired Pneumonia (REMAP-CAP).Critical care medicine · 2026Trial
- Intravenous lanadelumab for the treatment of moderately ill COVID-19 patients.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Symptom-based rehabilitation in people with post-COVID-19 condition (RELOAD study): a randomised controlled trial.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Trial
- Exercise-Based Rehabilitation in Severe COVID-19 Survivors with Long COVID: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Trial
- Levels of circulating kidney injury markers and IL-10 identify non-critically ill patients with COVID-19 at risk of death.JCI insight · 2026Trial
- Telmisartan reduces systemic inflammation and alters the renin-angiotensin system in mild COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Tiprelestat for treatment of hospitalized COVID-19: results of the double-blind randomized placebo-controlled COMCOVID trial.Advances in therapy · 2025Trial
- Clinical effectiveness, safety, and viral mutagenicity of oral favipiravir for COVID-19: results from a community-based, open-label, randomized Phase III trial.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Trial
- A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of IL-7 in critically ill patients with COVID-19.JCI insight · 2025Trial
- Anxiety and Depression Among Astana Reinfected Patients at 1-, 3-, and 6-Month Follow-Up in the Post-COVID Center.Canadian respiratory journal · 2025Trial
- Effects of two different dexamethasone dosing regimens on ventilator-free days and long-term mortality in COVID-19 patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS: the REMED randomized clinical trial.European journal of medical research · 2024Trial
- Fostamatinib for Hospitalized Adults With COVID-19 and Hypoxemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- A comparative study between methylprednisolone versus dexamethasone as an initial anti-inflammatory treatment of moderate COVID-19 pneumonia: an open-label randomized controlled trial.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Trial
- A Phase III Randomized Controlled Trial of Plitidepsin, a Marine-Derived Compound, in Hospitalized Adults With Moderate COVID-19.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Trial
- Monocytes in pneumonia: Functional plasticity and innate memory (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Detection of a Nirsevimab-Resistant RSV-B Variant (F:K68Q) in an Adult with Severe Infection.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
1,017 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
Clinical research is necessary for an effective response to an emerging infectious disease outbreak. However, research efforts are often hastily organised and done using various research tools, with the result that pooling data across studies is challenging. In response to the needs of the rapidly evolving COVID-19 outbreak, the Clinical Characterisation and Management Working Group of the WHO Research and Development Blueprint programme, the International Forum for Acute Care Trialists, and the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections Consortium have developed a minimum set of common outcome measures for studies of COVID-19. This set includes three elements: a measure of viral burden (quantitative PCR or cycle threshold), a measure of patient survival (mortality at hospital discharge or at 60 days), and a measure of patient progression through the health-care system by use of the WHO Clinical Progression Scale, which reflects patient trajectory and resource use over the course of clinical illness. We urge investigators to include these key data elements in ongoing and future studies to expedite the pooling of data during this immediate threat, and to hone a tool for future needs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.