Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32539529›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of psychiatry2020

Callous-Unemotional Traits and Risk of Gun Carrying and Use During Crime.

Emily L Robertson, Paul J Frick, Toni M Walker, Emily C Kemp, James V Ray, Laura C Thornton, Tina D Wall Myers, Laurence Steinberg, Elizabeth Cauffman

Abstract read
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Article in The American journal of psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
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  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
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  12. Article
  13. Psychopathy.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2021
    Review
  14. Callous-Unemotional Traits and Gun Violence.The American journal of psychiatry · 2020
    Article
  15. Special Section Introduction: Revitalizing Developmental Research on Adolescent Gun Involvement.Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Emily L RobertsonDepartment of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge (Robertson, Frick, Walker, Kemp); Learning Science Institute of Australia, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne (Frick); Department of Criminal Justice, University of Central Florida, Orlando (Ray); Louisiana Department of Health, Baton Rouge (Thornton); Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio (Wall Myers); Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia (Steinberg); King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (Steinberg); Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine (Cauffman).
Paul J FrickDepartment of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge (Robertson, Frick, Walker, Kemp); Learning Science Institute of Australia, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne (Frick); Department of Criminal Justice, University of Central Florida, Orlando (Ray); Louisiana Department of Health, Baton Rouge (Thornton); Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio (Wall Myers); Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia (Steinberg); King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (Steinberg); Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine (Cauffman).
Toni M WalkerDepartment of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge (Robertson, Frick, Walker, Kemp); Learning Science Institute of Australia, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne (Frick); Department of Criminal Justice, University of Central Florida, Orlando (Ray); Louisiana Department of Health, Baton Rouge (Thornton); Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio (Wall Myers); Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia (Steinberg); King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (Steinberg); Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine (Cauffman).
Emily C KempDepartment of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge (Robertson, Frick, Walker, Kemp); Learning Science Institute of Australia, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne (Frick); Department of Criminal Justice, University of Central Florida, Orlando (Ray); Louisiana Department of Health, Baton Rouge (Thornton); Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio (Wall Myers); Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia (Steinberg); King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (Steinberg); Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine (Cauffman).
James V RayDepartment of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge (Robertson, Frick, Walker, Kemp); Learning Science Institute of Australia, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne (Frick); Department of Criminal Justice, University of Central Florida, Orlando (Ray); Louisiana Department of Health, Baton Rouge (Thornton); Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio (Wall Myers); Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia (Steinberg); King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (Steinberg); Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine (Cauffman).
Laura C ThorntonDepartment of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge (Robertson, Frick, Walker, Kemp); Learning Science Institute of Australia, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne (Frick); Department of Criminal Justice, University of Central Florida, Orlando (Ray); Louisiana Department of Health, Baton Rouge (Thornton); Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio (Wall Myers); Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia (Steinberg); King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (Steinberg); Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine (Cauffman).
Tina D Wall MyersDepartment of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge (Robertson, Frick, Walker, Kemp); Learning Science Institute of Australia, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne (Frick); Department of Criminal Justice, University of Central Florida, Orlando (Ray); Louisiana Department of Health, Baton Rouge (Thornton); Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio (Wall Myers); Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia (Steinberg); King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (Steinberg); Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine (Cauffman).
Laurence SteinbergDepartment of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge (Robertson, Frick, Walker, Kemp); Learning Science Institute of Australia, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne (Frick); Department of Criminal Justice, University of Central Florida, Orlando (Ray); Louisiana Department of Health, Baton Rouge (Thornton); Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio (Wall Myers); Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia (Steinberg); King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (Steinberg); Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine (Cauffman).
Elizabeth CauffmanDepartment of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge (Robertson, Frick, Walker, Kemp); Learning Science Institute of Australia, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne (Frick); Department of Criminal Justice, University of Central Florida, Orlando (Ray); Louisiana Department of Health, Baton Rouge (Thornton); Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio (Wall Myers); Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia (Steinberg); King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (Steinberg); Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine (Cauffman).

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWith the addition of the "with limited prosocial emotions" specifier within the diagnosis of conduct disorder (DSM-5) and of conduct-dissocial disorder (ICD-11) to designate those with elevated callous-unemotional traits, the authors examined the role that callous-unemotional traits play in the risk for gun carrying and gun use during a crime in a sample at high risk for gun violence.

methodsMale juvenile offenders (N=1,215) from three regions of the United States were assessed after their first arrest and then reassessed every 6 months for 36 months and again at 48 months. Callous-unemotional traits and peer gun carrying and ownership were measured via self-report after the first arrest (i.e., baseline). Gun carrying and use of a gun during a crime were self-reported at all follow-up points.

resultsCallous-unemotional traits at baseline increased the frequency of gun carrying and the likelihood of using a gun during a crime across the subsequent 4 years after accounting for other risk factors. Furthermore, callous-unemotional traits moderated the relationship between peer gun carrying and ownership and participant gun carrying, such that only participants low on callous-unemotional traits demonstrated increased gun carrying as a function of their peers' gun carrying and ownership.

conclusionsThis study demonstrates the importance of considering callous-unemotional traits in gun violence research both because callous-unemotional traits increase gun carrying and use in adolescents and because the traits may moderate other key risk factors. Notably, the influence of peer gun carrying and ownership may have been underestimated in past research for the majority of adolescents by not considering the moderating influence of callous-unemotional traits.

Indexed as

Antisocial Personality DisorderConduct DisorderEmotionsFirearmsGun ViolencePeer InfluenceAdolescentAggressionCriminalsForensic PsychiatryHumansMaleOwnershipPersonality InventoryRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsAdolescentsFirearmsForensic PsychiatryGun Violence

Identifiers

PMID32539529

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.