ArticleThe American journal of psychiatry2021
Antibodies From Children With PANDAS Bind Specifically to Striatal Cholinergic Interneurons and Alter Their Activity.
Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in The American journal of psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Th17 effector cytokines induce shared and distinct microglial and endothelial cell responses in a mouse model for post-streptococcal encephalitis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- "It Doesn't Matter Where OCD Comes From," or Does It?Current psychiatry reports · 2026Review
- Antibody Profiles in Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Ultrarare Variants in DNA Damage Repair and Mitochondrial Genes in Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome and Acute Behavioral Regression in Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Developmental neuroscience · 2026Article
- Th17 effector cytokines induce shared and distinct microglial and endothelial cell responses in post-streptococcal encephalitis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Altered striosome-matrix distribution and activity of striatal cholinergic interneurons in a model of autism-linked repetitive behaviors.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Interferon-λ-neutralizing autoantibodies and common autoimmune disease autoantibodies in pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Unbiased autoantibody screening using nucleic acid protein programmable array in pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infections.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Combined transcranial photobiomodulation and neurofeedback in PANS/PANDAS: a retrospective case series.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Sex-associated and disease state-dependent monocyte polarization and CNS-trafficking phenotypes in pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS).Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- The Immune/Inflammatory Underpinnings of Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: A Scoping Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Three cases with chronic obsessive compulsive disorder report gains in wellbeing and function following rituximab treatment.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Neurological Soft Signs at Presentation in Patients With Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Occupational performance patterns in children with paediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome.Australian occupational therapy journal · 2025Article
- Ultrarare Variants in DNA Damage Repair Genes in Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome or Acute Behavioral Regression in Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Developmental neuroscience · 2025Article
- Dopamine receptor autoantibody signaling in infectious sequelae differentiates movement versus neuropsychiatric disorders.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Elevated antibody binding to striatal cholinergic interneurons in patients with pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) and Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS): Immunological Features Underpinning Controversial Entities.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- An Observational Longitudinal Study on Seasonal Variations in Tourette Syndrome: Evidence for a Role of Ambient Temperature in Tic Exacerbation.Biomedicines · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Jian XuDepartment of Psychiatry (Xu, Liu, Fahey, Frick, Duman, Williams, Pittenger), Child Study Center (Leckman, Vaccarino, Pittenger), Department of Pediatrics (Leckman), and Department of Neuroscience (Vaccarino), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.; Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Frick); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (Williams), Boston; Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Swedo); PANDAS Physicians Network (Swedo); and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. (Pittenger).
Rong-Jian LiuDepartment of Psychiatry (Xu, Liu, Fahey, Frick, Duman, Williams, Pittenger), Child Study Center (Leckman, Vaccarino, Pittenger), Department of Pediatrics (Leckman), and Department of Neuroscience (Vaccarino), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.; Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Frick); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (Williams), Boston; Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Swedo); PANDAS Physicians Network (Swedo); and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. (Pittenger).
Shaylyn FaheyDepartment of Psychiatry (Xu, Liu, Fahey, Frick, Duman, Williams, Pittenger), Child Study Center (Leckman, Vaccarino, Pittenger), Department of Pediatrics (Leckman), and Department of Neuroscience (Vaccarino), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.; Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Frick); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (Williams), Boston; Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Swedo); PANDAS Physicians Network (Swedo); and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. (Pittenger).
Luciana FrickDepartment of Psychiatry (Xu, Liu, Fahey, Frick, Duman, Williams, Pittenger), Child Study Center (Leckman, Vaccarino, Pittenger), Department of Pediatrics (Leckman), and Department of Neuroscience (Vaccarino), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.; Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Frick); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (Williams), Boston; Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Swedo); PANDAS Physicians Network (Swedo); and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. (Pittenger).
James LeckmanDepartment of Psychiatry (Xu, Liu, Fahey, Frick, Duman, Williams, Pittenger), Child Study Center (Leckman, Vaccarino, Pittenger), Department of Pediatrics (Leckman), and Department of Neuroscience (Vaccarino), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.; Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Frick); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (Williams), Boston; Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Swedo); PANDAS Physicians Network (Swedo); and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. (Pittenger).
Flora VaccarinoDepartment of Psychiatry (Xu, Liu, Fahey, Frick, Duman, Williams, Pittenger), Child Study Center (Leckman, Vaccarino, Pittenger), Department of Pediatrics (Leckman), and Department of Neuroscience (Vaccarino), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.; Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Frick); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (Williams), Boston; Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Swedo); PANDAS Physicians Network (Swedo); and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. (Pittenger).
Ronald S DumanDepartment of Psychiatry (Xu, Liu, Fahey, Frick, Duman, Williams, Pittenger), Child Study Center (Leckman, Vaccarino, Pittenger), Department of Pediatrics (Leckman), and Department of Neuroscience (Vaccarino), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.; Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Frick); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (Williams), Boston; Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Swedo); PANDAS Physicians Network (Swedo); and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. (Pittenger).
Kyle WilliamsDepartment of Psychiatry (Xu, Liu, Fahey, Frick, Duman, Williams, Pittenger), Child Study Center (Leckman, Vaccarino, Pittenger), Department of Pediatrics (Leckman), and Department of Neuroscience (Vaccarino), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.; Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Frick); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (Williams), Boston; Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Swedo); PANDAS Physicians Network (Swedo); and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. (Pittenger).
Susan SwedoDepartment of Psychiatry (Xu, Liu, Fahey, Frick, Duman, Williams, Pittenger), Child Study Center (Leckman, Vaccarino, Pittenger), Department of Pediatrics (Leckman), and Department of Neuroscience (Vaccarino), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.; Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Frick); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (Williams), Boston; Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Swedo); PANDAS Physicians Network (Swedo); and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. (Pittenger).
Christopher PittengerDepartment of Psychiatry (Xu, Liu, Fahey, Frick, Duman, Williams, Pittenger), Child Study Center (Leckman, Vaccarino, Pittenger), Department of Pediatrics (Leckman), and Department of Neuroscience (Vaccarino), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.; Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Frick); Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (Williams), Boston; Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Swedo); PANDAS Physicians Network (Swedo); and Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. (Pittenger).
William James College · US
Funding
Neurodevelopment of Tourette syndromeR01MH118453 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI FLORA M VACCARINO · 2019 to 2026
$4.0MHistamine Regulation of the Basal Ganglia and the Pathophysiology of TicsR01NS101104 · NINDS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI PITTENGER, CHRISTOPHER JOHN · 2017 to 2021
$2.3MAnti-interneuron antibodies in abrupt-onset pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorderR21MH119521 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI PITTENGER, CHRISTOPHER JOHN · 2019 to 2020
$422kHistamine Regulation of Basal Ganglia FunctionR21MH109700 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI PITTENGER, CHRISTOPHER JOHN · 2016 to 2017
$404kNIMH NIH HHS R01 MH118453NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH109700NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH119521NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS101104
Abstract
objectivePediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) sometimes appears rapidly, even overnight, often after an infection. Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections, or PANDAS, describes such a situation after infection with
methodsBinding of IgG to specific neurons in human and mouse brain slices was evaluated ex vivo after incubation with serum from 27 children with rigorously characterized PANDAS, both at baseline and after intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment, and 23 matched control subjects. Binding was correlated with symptom measures. Neural activity after serum incubation was assessed in mouse slices using molecular markers and electrophysiological recording.
resultsIgG from children with PANDAS bound to CINs, but not to several other neuron types, more than IgG from control subjects, in three independent cohorts of patients. Post-IVIG serum had reduced IgG binding to CINs, and this reduction correlated with symptom improvement. Baseline PANDAS sera decreased activity of striatal CINs, but not of parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic interneurons, and altered their electrophysiological responses, in acute mouse brain slices. Post-IVIG PANDAS sera and IgG-depleted baseline sera did not alter the activity of striatal CINs.
conclusionsThese findings provide strong evidence for striatal CINs as a critical cellular target that may contribute to pathophysiology in children with rapid-onset OCD symptoms, and perhaps in other conditions.
Indexed as
AnimalsAutoantibodiesAutoimmune DiseasesCase-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolCholinergic NeuronsCorpus StriatumFemaleHumansImmunoglobulin GMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicObsessive-Compulsive DisorderAutoantibodiesImmunoglobulin GBasal GangliaCholinergic InterneuronInterneuronObsessive-Compulsive DisorderPANDASPANS
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
None linked
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.