Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32536452›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of preventive medicine2020

Volunteering and Subsequent Health and Well-Being in Older Adults: An Outcome-Wide Longitudinal Approach.

Eric S Kim, Ashley V Whillans, Matthew T Lee, Ying Chen, Tyler J VanderWeele

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of preventive medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
78citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

78 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
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  8. Voting behavior and mortality risk in older adults: Evidence from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
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  11. Examination of Total Hours of Volunteering or Informal Helping Among Older Adults and Risk of Future Functional Disability Using Data From a Large Panel Study.The American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Daily Activities and Purpose in Life.International journal of wellbeing · 2026
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  17. Review
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  19. Well-Being Activities Among Internal Medicine Physicians: Results of a National Survey.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2025
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  20. Article

18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Eric S KimDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Electronic address: eskim@hsph.harvard.edu.
Ashley V WhillansNegotiation, Organizations, and Markets Unit, Harvard Business School, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Matthew T LeeHuman Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Ying ChenHuman Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Tyler J VanderWeeleHuman Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.

Funding

HRS Yrs29-34: Y33 SSA CoFundingU01AG009740 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Jessica Faul, KENNETH M LANGA · 1990 to 2026
$555.8M
Characterizing the mechanisms behind the association between purpose in life and healthK99AG055696 · NIA · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI KIM, ERIC · 2018 to 2019
$256k
NIA NIH HHS K99 AG055696NIA NIH HHS U01 AG009740
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionGrowing evidence documents strong associations between volunteering and favorable health and well-being outcomes. However, epidemiological studies have not evaluated whether changes in volunteering are associated with subsequent health and well-being outcomes.

methodsData were from 12,998 participants in the Health and Retirement Study-a large, diverse, prospective, and nationally representative cohort of U.S. adults aged >50 years. Using multiple logistic, linear, and generalized linear regression models, this study evaluated if changes in volunteering (between t

resultsDuring the 4-year follow-up period, participants who volunteered ≥100 hours/year (versus 0 hours/year) had a reduced risk of mortality and physical functioning limitations, higher physical activity, and better psychosocial outcomes (higher: positive affect, optimism, and purpose in life; lower: depressive symptoms, hopelessness, loneliness, and infrequent contact with friends). Volunteering was not associated with other physical health outcomes (diabetes, hypertension, stroke, cancer, heart disease, lung disease, arthritis, overweight/obesity, cognitive impairment, and chronic pain), health behaviors (binge drinking, smoking, and sleep problems), or psychosocial outcomes (life satisfaction, mastery, health/financial mastery, depression, negative affect, perceived constraints, and contact with other family/children).

conclusionsWith further research, volunteering is an activity that physicians might suggest to their willing and able patients as a way of simultaneously enhancing health and society.

Indexed as

Health BehaviorHealth StatusVolunteersAgedAged, 80 and overExerciseFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedProspective Studies

Identifiers

PMID32536452
PMCPMC7375895

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.