ArticleEnvironmental monitoring and assessment2020
Characterization of segregated greywater from Indian households: part A-physico-chemical and microbial parameters.
Article in Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative evaluation of different pre-treatment alternatives for granular media filters treating greywater and their ranking using analytical hierarchy process.Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research · 2024Article
- Quantity and quality characteristics of greywater from an Indian household.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2022Article
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2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
Greywater has attracted global attention as a feasible alternative water source over the last few decades. Reuse and recycling of greywater is an economically viable and attractive option for meeting the future water demand. However, its treatment and reliable reuse continue to be based on conventional parameters such as BOD, COD, turbidity, suspended solids and pathogen level. The current investigative study focused on the characterization of segregated grey wastewater (greywater from bathroom, laundry and kitchen) from different economic classes of Indian households which included physical and chemical parameters, organics, nutrients, pathogens, heavy metals, oil and grease and surfactants. Apart from this, the data related to water consumption, frequency and products used for their daily activities were gathered using a questionnaire survey. The average water consumption among different household was found to be 108 L per capita per day. The maximum concentrations of organics such as BOD (678.6 ± 179 mg/L), COD (1507 ± 508 mg/L) and TOC (176.4 ± 131 mg/L) were found in kitchen wastewater. However, maximum concentrations of surfactants (14.02 ± 3.74 mg/L) were obtained in laundry wastewater. Faecal coliform concentration was more in the households which had inhabitants of children below 4 years. Statistical analysis revealed that the parameters monitored differ significantly between different economic classes. The present study showed that the characteristics of greywater highly depend on the wastewater source, household behaviour and activities. This study will be helpful to design a sustainable cost-effective treatment system, enabling greywater generated from different sources to be safely recycled and reused by households. Graphical abstract.
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