ReviewJournal of neurology2020
Refractory anti-NMDAR encephalitis successfully treated with bortezomib and associated movements disorders controlled with tramadol: a case report with literature review.
Review in Journal of neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Treatment of Antibody-Mediated Encephalitis: Current, Future Therapies, Unmet Need and Patient Management.Advances in therapy · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy for autoimmune encephalitis.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Status dystonicus in adult patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate-acid receptor encephalitis.Journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Treatment Options in Refractory Autoimmune Encephalitis.CNS drugs · 2022Review
- Recent research on immunotherapy for anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis.Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2022Review
- Case report: Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis manifesting as rapid weight loss and abnormal movement disorders with alternating unilateral ptosis and contralateral limb tremor.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Th17 cells regulate the progress of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.American journal of translational research · 2022Article
- Bortezomib in autoimmune hemolytic anemia and beyond.Therapeutic advances in hematology · 2021Review
- Immunotherapy for Refractory Autoimmune Encephalitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a potentially fatal autoimmune disease, characterized by autoantibody-mediated neurotransmission impairment in multiple brain locations. The course of this condition often comprises altered mental status, autonomic dysfunctions, refractory seizures and hyperkinetic movement disorders. Available disease-modifying therapies include corticosteroids, i.v. immunoglobulins, plasma exchange, rituximab and cyclophosphamide. In a subgroup of patients not responding to B-cell depletion, bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, has shown promising evidence of efficacy. The time course of recovery from acute phase may be very slow (weeks/months), and only few data are available in literature about the concurrent management of encephalitis-associated movement disorders. We report a case of severe anti-NMDAR encephalitis in a 29-year-old woman, not responsive to first- and second-line treatments, with persistent involuntary motor manifestations. Starting three months after symptom onset, four cycles of bortezomib have been administered; subsequently we observed a progressive improvement of neurological status. Meanwhile, motor manifestations were controlled after the administration of tramadol, a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist.
Indexed as
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.