Trial reportBMC musculoskeletal disorders2020
Efficacy of throwing exercise with TheraBand in male volleyball players with shoulder internal rotation deficit: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparison of Theraband, Co-contraction and Isometric Exercises in Patients With Chronic Frozen Shoulder
Comparison of Cross Body and Sleeper Stretch on Pain, Range of Motion and Functional Performance in Cricket Bowlers With Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficiency(GIRD).
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Proprioception Training and Surrogate Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Definitions, Measures, and Effectiveness Claims.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Pooled it
- Eight-Week Shoulder Flexibility Program Improves Serve Accuracy and Select ROM in Youth Volleyball: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2026Trial
- Selective Activation of the Subscapularis Muscle: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Muscle Recruitment and Asymmetry in Bilateral Shoulder Injury Prevention Exercises: A Cross-Sectional Comparison Between Tennis Players and Non-Tennis Players.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit: insights into pathologic, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic characteristics.Clinics in shoulder and elbow · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Upper Extremity Volleyball Injuries Within Different Adult Age Groups: A Comprehensive Analysis of National Data From 2013-2022.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2024Article
- Dry Needling in Overhead Athletes with Myofascial Shoulder Pain: A Systematic Review.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Effects of an 11-Week Detraining, Imposed by the COVID-19 Confinement, on Handball Players' Shoulder Rotator Isokinetic Profile, Shoulder Range of Motion, and Ball Release Velocity.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Efficacy of Conservative Therapy in Overhead Athletes with Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Exploration of the Shoulder Internal Rotation's Influence on Throwing Velocity in Handball Players: A Pilot Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Prevalence of Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit and Sex Differences in Range of Motion of Adolescent Volleyball Players: A Case-Control Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Effects of a Novel Proprioceptive Rehabilitation Device on Shoulder Joint Position Sense, Pain and Function.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Glenohumeral internal-rotation deficit (GIRD) is related to the altered eccentric external-rotator (ER), the concentric internal-rotator (IR), muscle strength, and the ER: IR ratio. GIRD has been documented as a risk factor for shoulder injuries. However, few studies have investigated the effect of an exercise training on these parameters in athletes with GIRD. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an 8-week throwing exercise with a TheraBand for retraining the rotator cuff on Electromyography (EMG) activity of selected muscles, rotator cuff muscle strength, the glenohumeral (GH) joint IR range of motion (ROM) and GH joint position sense in asymptomatic male volleyball players with GIRD.
methodsSixty male volleyball players with GIRD were randomized into either a training group or a control group. The experimental group underwent an 8-week throwing exercise with a TheraBand including 5 sessions of stretching and 3 sessions of strengthening exercises per week. The control group received an active self-exercise program. EMG (onset time and muscle activation), shoulder range of motion (ROMs), strength and GH joint position sense were all assessed pre and post trainings.
resultsThere were statistically significant within-group differences in the EMG activity of the anterior deltoid (p = 0.005), middle deltoid (p = 0.007), posterior deltoid (p = 0.004), infraspinatus (p = 0.001) and supraspinatus (p = 0.001) muscles, IR ROM (p = 0.001), rotator cuff muscle strength ratio (p = 0.001), and GH joint position sense (p = 0.033) in the experimental group. A 2 × 2 analysis of variance with a mixed model design and independent and paired t-tests were used for statistical analysis.
conclusionsThrowing exercise with a TheraBand improved shoulder muscle activation, IR ROM, rotator cuff muscle strength ratio and GH joint position sense in participants with GIRD. These findings may improve the treatment of GIRD in a clinical setting. Although the results are significant, further studies should follow up the long-term effects of the Throwing exercise with a TheraBand on GIRD.
trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials using the UMIN-RCT website with ID number of, UMIN000038416 "Retrospectively registered" at 2019/10/29.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.