ArticleCytokine2020
The effect of BCG vaccination on alveolar macrophages obtained from induced sputum from healthy volunteers.
Article in Cytokine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunological mechanistic action of intravenous BCG-mediated protection against tuberculosis.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- Review
- Review
- Metabolic Regulation in the Induction of Trained Immunity.Seminars in immunopathology · 2024Review
- Exposure to Mycobacterium remodels alveolar macrophages and the early innate response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Intravenous BCG vaccination reduces SARS-CoV-2 severity and promotes extensive reprogramming of lung immune cells.iScience · 2023Article
- Suppressive myeloid cells in SARS-CoV-2 andFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Surveying the Epigenetic Landscape of Tuberculosis in Alveolar Macrophages.Infection and immunity · 2022Review
- Dynamic single-cell RNA sequencing reveals BCG vaccination curtails SARS-CoV-2 induced disease severity and lung inflammation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2022Article
- Can what have we learnt about BCG vaccination in the last 20 years help us to design a better tuberculosis vaccine?Vaccine · 2022Review
- Lessons from Bacillus Calmette-Guérin: Harnessing Trained Immunity for Vaccine Development.Cells · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The anti-tuberculosis vaccine Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is able to boost innate immune responses through a process called 'trained immunity'. It is hypothesized that BCG-induced trained immunity contributes to protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Since alveolar macrophages are the first cell type to encounter M. tuberculosis upon infection, we aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of BCG vaccination on alveolar macrophages. Searching for a less-invasive method than bronchoalveolar lavage, we optimized the isolation of alveolar macrophages from induced sputum of healthy volunteers. Viable alveolar macrophages could be successfully isolated from induced sputum and showed signs of activation already upon retrieval. Further flow cytometric analyses revealed that at baseline, higher expression levels of activation markers were observed on the alveolar macrophages of smokers compared to non-smokers. In addition, BCG vaccination resulted in decreased expression of the activation markers CD11b and HLA-DR on alveolar macrophages. Future studies should evaluate the functional consequences of this reduced activation of alveolar macrophages after BCG vaccination.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.