ArticleClinical oral investigations2021
Influence of bone density, drill diameter, drilling speed, and irrigation on temperature changes during implant osteotomies: an in vitro study.
Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low-speed drilling without irrigation versus conventional drilling for dental implant osteotomy preparation: a systematic review.Clinical oral investigations · 2021Pooled it
- Application of fiber bragg grating sensing to thermal variation during dental implant site preparation: an in vitro study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Drill irrigation during in vitro drilling with three static computer-assisted implant surgery systems.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2026Article
- Thermal analysis of a dry cooling method in a dental implant drilling procedure: an in vitro randomized study.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Optimizing Osseodensification Drilling for Dental Implant Placement: An In Vitro Study.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2025Article
- Heat generation during osteotomy performed with ultrasonic insert versus rotary instrument in bovine femur: ex vivo comparison.Acta odontologica latinoamericana : AOL · 2025Article
- Implant Body Fracture Due to Fatigue in a Maxillary Implant-Retained Overdenture Treatment.Case reports in dentistry · 2025Article
- Comparison of Temperature Changes during Implant Osteotomy: Conventional, Single, and Osseodensification Drilling.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Infrared thermal mapping of osteotomy: influence of drill diameter and implant system.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Article
- Article
- Assessment of Thermal Osteonecrosis during Bone Drilling Using a Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A novel technique to harvest bone autografts with mild local hyperthermia and enhanced osteogenic bone quality: a preclinical study in dogs.BMC oral health · 2023Article
- Influence of Surgical Technique on Post-Operative Complications in the Extraction of the Lower Third Molar: A Retrospective Study.Dentistry journal · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Change in Radiographic Fractal Dimension around Dental Implants Placed with Low-Speed Drilling and Standard Drilling Protocols.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Effects of a simplified drilling protocol at 50 rpm on heat generation under water-free conditions: anJournal of periodontal & implant science · 2023Article
- Temperature Changes during Implant Osteotomy Preparations in Human Cadaver Tibiae Comparing MISGenes · 2022Article
- Precision and trueness of computer-assisted implant placement using static surgical guides with open and closed sleeves: An in vitro analysis.Clinical oral implants research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of bone type, drill diameter, drilling speed, and irrigation on heat generation while performing osteotomy for dental implants. MATERIALS AND
methodsSix polyurethane foam blocks simulating type I (dense) and type IV (soft) bone were selected for the study. Each block was subjected to two different experimental conditions for each drill (2- and 3.5-mm diameter): three sub-groups were created: (a) revolutions per minute (50, 100, or 800 rpm) and (b) irrigation (with or without irrigation).
resultsIn 2-mm drill group, maximum temperature attained was practically identical: 23.73 ± 2.28 °C in the cortical bone and 23.74 ± 2.03 °C in the cancellous bone. For 3.5-mm, groups showed similar results (25.01 ± 1.88 °C for cortical and 24.05 ± 1.94 °C for trabecular bone). In any type of bone, the presence of irrigating fluid helped to control the maximum temperature (p = 0.001). When comparing the 2-mm and 3.5-mm drills, most differences were found at 100 rpm without irrigation (p < 0.001) and at 800 rpm with irrigation (p = 0.001).
conclusionsMaximum temperature attained was always below the critical threshold that can cause osteonecrosis, showing that both external irrigation with higher drilling speeds and no irrigation with lower speeds were effective methods to avoid excessive heat generation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Despite being always below the critical temperature, bone type, drill diameter, drilling speed, and irrigation must be considered temperature-influencing factors during implant osteotomies.
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