ArticleAmerican journal of surgery2021
Is patient age associated with risk of malignancy in a ≥4 cm cytologically benign thyroid nodule?
Article in American journal of surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sociodemographic and clinical predictors of malignancy in thyroid nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Correlation Between Thyroid Nodule Size and Risk of Thyroid Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study at a Tertiary Care Center.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mental Health Status of Patients with Thyroid Nodules: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
- Risk of malignancy and diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration biopsy in thyroid nodules with diameters greater than 4 centimeters.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Do large thyroid nodules (≥4 cm) without suspicious cytology need surgery?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Cytological patterns of thyroid lesions in Najran, Saudi Arabia: A 5-year retrospective study.Saudi medical journal · 2022Article
- Deep Learning in Cytopathology: The Potential for Multimodal Synergy of Clinical and Cytological Input Data.Journal of cytologyReview
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCurrent data regarding the risk of malignancy in a large thyroid nodule with benign fine-needle aspiration biopsy(FNAB) is conflicting. We investigated the impact of patient age on the risk of malignancy in nodules≥4 cm with benign cytology.
methodsWe performed a single-institution retrospective review of patients who underwent surgery from 07/2008-08/2019 for a cytologically benign thyroid nodule ≥4 cm. The relationship between malignant histopathology and patient and ultrasound features was assessed with multivariable logistic regression.
resultsOf 474 nodules identified, 25(5.3%) were malignant on final pathology. In patients <55 years old, 21/273(7.7%) nodules were malignant, compared to 4/201(2.0%) in patients ≥55. Patient age ≥55 was independently associated with significantly lower risk of malignancy(OR:0.2,95%CI:0.1-0.7,p = 0.011). Increasing nodule size >4 cm and high-risk ultrasound features were not associated with risk of malignancy(OR:1.0,95%CI:0.7-1.4,p = 0.980, and OR:9.6,95%CI:0.9-107.8,p = 0.066, respectively).
conclusionsPatients <55 years old are 3.7-fold more likely to have a falsely benign FNA biopsy in a nodule≥4 cm.
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