SynthesisNutrients2020
Choline, Neurological Development and Brain Function: A Systematic Review Focusing on the First 1000 Days.
Synthesis in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Choline During Pregnancy and Child Neurodevelopment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- The Prevalence of Anemia among Pregnant Women in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Association between Maternal Choline, Fetal Brain Development, and Child Neurocognition: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- The Effects of Nutritional Interventions on the Cognitive Development of Preschool-Age Children: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of the Dietary Choline Impact on Cognition from a Psychobiological Approach: Insights from Animal Studies.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Pregnancy diet based on ancestral patterns increases growth in subcortical fetal brain regions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Trial
- Impact of stem cell therapy on brain metabolic profile in cerebral palsy assessed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in a randomized clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Estimated Choline Intakes and Dietary Sources of Choline in Pregnant Australian Women.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- The impact of micronutrient supplementation in alcohol-exposed pregnancies on reaction time responses of preschoolers in Ukraine.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2022Trial
- Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Extremely Preterm Infants with Low Plasma Choline.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Comparative Degumming of Rapeseed Oil: Phospholipid Recovery, Bioactive Lipid Concentrations, and Molecular Remodeling.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Choline status and related health outcomes in humans: A scoping review.Nutrition and health · 2026Article
- Translational Initiative to Minimize Childhood Hemiparesis After Asymmetrical Perinatal Brain Injury.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Choline and Its Companions: Inter-Related Roles of Choline and B Vitamins in Fetal Development and Offspring Health.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Article
- Depressive Symptoms Associated with Decreased Choline Intake in Lactating Mothers of Preterm Infants.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Evaluating Associations Between Postconcussion Physical Activity and Brain Neurometabolite Concentrations in the Posterior Cingulate Gyrus.Journal of child neurology · 2026Article
- The role of choline in neurodevelopment.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Machine learning-assisted paper-based chemiluminescence biosensor for choline quantification in infant milk: toward portable nutritional quality monitoring.Scientific reports · 2026Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The foundations of neurodevelopment across an individual's lifespan are established in the first 1000 days of life (2 years). During this period an adequate supply of nutrients are essential for proper neurodevelopment and lifelong brain function. Of these, evidence for choline has been building but has not been widely collated using systematic approaches. Therefore, a systematic review was performed to identify the animal and human studies looking at inter-relationships between choline, neurological development, and brain function during the first 1000 days of life. The database PubMed was used, and reference lists were searched. In total, 813 publications were subject to the title/abstract review, and 38 animal and 16 human studies were included after evaluation. Findings suggest that supplementing the maternal or child's diet with choline over the first 1000 days of life could subsequently: (1) support normal brain development (animal and human evidence), (2) protect against neural and metabolic insults, particularly when the fetus is exposed to alcohol (animal and human evidence), and (3) improve neural and cognitive functioning (animal evidence). Overall, most offspring would benefit from increased choline supply during the first 1000 days of life, particularly in relation to helping facilitate normal brain development. Health policies and guidelines should consider re-evaluation to help communicate and impart potential choline benefits through diet and/or supplementation approaches across this critical life stage.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.