Trial reportJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2020
International Rare Cancers Initiative Multicenter Randomized Phase II Trial of Cisplatin and Fluorouracil Versus Carboplatin and Paclitaxel in Advanced Anal Cancer: InterAAct.
Trial report in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05060471 (Neoadjuvant PD-1 Blockade Combined With Chemotherapy Followed by Concurrent Immunoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Anal Canal Squamous Carcinoma Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 67 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neoadjuvant PD-1 Blockade Combined With Chemotherapy Followed by Concurrent Immunoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Anal Canal Squamous Carcinoma Patients
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
- Outcomes of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors in Locally Advanced and Metastatic Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Pooled it
- SEOM-GEMCAD-TTD clinical guidelines for anal cancer (2025).Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Guideline
- Improving our understanding of the quality of life of patients with metastatic or recurrent/persistent anal cancer: a systematic review.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic review of survival following liver or lung metastasectomy for metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma.Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England · 2025Pooled it
- Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Guideline
- Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Lower Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Review.Annals of surgical oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Clinical Practice Guideline: Anal Cancer—Diagnosis, Treatment and Follow-upDeutsches Arzteblatt international · 2021Guideline
- FDA Approval Summary: Retifanlimab for the Treatment of Adult Patients with Metastatic or Inoperable Locally Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Trial
- Biomarkers of pembrolizumab efficacy in advanced anal squamous cell carcinoma: analysis of a phase II clinical trial and a cohort of long-term responders.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Pembrolizumab for previously treated advanced anal squamous cell carcinoma: results from the non-randomised, multicohort, multicentre, phase 2 KEYNOTE-158 study.The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2022Trial
- Randomized phase II trial of avelumab alone or in combination with cetuximab for patients with previously treated, locally advanced, or metastatic squamous cell anal carcinoma: the CARACAS study.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Trial
- Durable Cancer Control and Extended Long-Term Survival Following Salvage Surgery for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal: A Cohort Study.Journal of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Management of oligometastatic anal cancer-a literature review and a proposed treatment algorithm.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Review
- Therapy for squamous-cell carcinoma of the anus in HIV-positive patients.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Review
- Neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy in anal cancer - is there a role in the future?ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- Advances in anal cancer treatment: current standards, the role of immunotherapy and emerging strategies.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Review
- An overview of clinical trials in anal cancer 1999-2024.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- Real-world outcomes of pembrolizumab in advanced anal cancer: a nationwide Danish anal Cancer Group report.Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) · 2026Observational
- Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Oncoviruses in Solid Tumors.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 13 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo compare cisplatin plus fluorouracil (FU) versus carboplatin plus paclitaxel in chemotherapy-naïve advanced anal cancer to establish the optimal regimen. PATIENTS AND
methodsPatients who had not received systemic therapy for advanced anal cancer were randomly assigned 1:1 to intravenous cisplatin 60 mg/m
resultsWe conducted an international multicenter randomized phase II study in 60 centers between December 2013 and November 2017. Median follow-up was 28.6 months. A total of 91 patients were randomly assigned: 46 to cisplatin plus FU and 45 to carboplatin plus paclitaxel. ORR was 57% (95% CI, 39.4% to 73.7%) for cisplatin plus FU versus 59% (95% CI, 42.1% to 74.4%) for carboplatin plus paclitaxel. More serious adverse events were noted in the cisplatin plus FU arm (62%) compared with the carboplatin plus paclitaxel arm (36%;
conclusionThis is the first international randomized trial to our knowledge conducted in chemotherapy-naïve advanced anal cancer. Although there was no difference in ORR, the association with clinically relevant reduced toxicity and a trend toward longer survival suggest that carboplatin plus paclitaxel should be considered as a new standard of care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.