ArticleMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)2020
Aggressive multiple sclerosis (1): Towards a definition of the phenotype.
Article in Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Preserving Neurological Function in People at High and Low Risk of Aggressive Multiple Sclerosis: An Observational Cohort Study.CNS drugs · 2026Observational
- Ultra-low-field MRI for bedside imaging of severe multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Defining Activity-Based Subgroups in Multiple Sclerosis: A Review and Framework Proposal.European journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Frailty Exacerbates Disability in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Immune Checkpoint Signatures Reveal Stage-Specific Biomarkers for High-Activity Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- SMART-MC: Characterizing the Dynamics of Multiple Sclerosis Therapy Transitions Using a Covariate-Based Markov Model.Journal of the American Statistical Association · 2026Article
- Article
- BDNF levels in serum and CSF are associated with clinicoradiological characteristics of aggressive disease in MS patients.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Baseline neurofilament light chain and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels predict development of aggressive multiple sclerosis.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Neuroimaging phenotype characterization of early aggressive and late severe multiple sclerosis: a case-control study.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Neuroimaging assessment of facility-bound severely-affected MS reveals the critical role of cortical gray matter pathology: results from the CASA-MS case-controlled study.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on multiple sclerosis activity as reflected by MRI.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Matching proposed clinical and MRI criteria of aggressive multiple sclerosis to serum and cerebrospinal fluid markers of neuroaxonal and glial injury.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Prospective study validating a multidimensional treatment decision score predicting the 24-month outcome in untreated patients with clinically isolated syndrome and early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, the ProVal-MS study.Neurological research and practice · 2024Article
- Explainable machine learning on baseline MRI predicts multiple sclerosis trajectory descriptors.PloS one · 2024Article
- Cognitive function in severe progressive multiple sclerosis.Brain communications · 2024Article
- New views on the complex interplay between degeneration and autoimmunity in multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Association of intestinal dysbiosis with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis: Evidence from different population studies (Review).Biomedical reports · 2023Review
- Exploring physicians' prescribing behavior in patients with multiple sclerosis in Saudi Arabia: a sequential explanatory mixed-methods.BMC neurology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
While the major phenotypes of multiple sclerosis (MS) and relapsing-remitting, primary and secondary progressive MS have been well characterized, a subgroup of patients with an active, aggressive disease course and rapid disability accumulation remains difficult to define and there is no consensus about their management and treatment. The current lack of an accepted definition and treatment guidelines for aggressive MS triggered a 2018 focused workshop of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS) on aggressive MS. The aim of the workshop was to discuss approaches on how to describe and define the disease phenotype and its treatments. Unfortunately, it was not possible to come to consensus on a definition because of unavailable data correlating severe disease with imaging and molecular biomarkers. However, the workshop highlighted the need for future research needed to define this disease subtype while also focusing on its treatment and management. Here, we review previous attempts to define aggressive MS and present characteristics that might, with additional research, eventually help characterize it. A companion paper summarizes data regarding treatment and management.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.