ArticleCells2020
HIV Nef and Antiretroviral Therapy Have an Inhibitory Effect on Autophagy in Human Astrocytes that May Contribute to HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.
Article in Cells, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory microglia signals drive A1-like polarization of astrocytes even in the presence of HIV-1 Tat.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Multifaceted Role of Nef in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Histopathological Alterations and Underlying Mechanisms.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- The Role of Autophagy in HIV Infection and Immunological Recovery of ART-Treated PLWH.Viruses · 2025Review
- The Hallmarks of Ageing in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and the Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on Telomeres: A Molecular Perspective.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Viruses and psychiatric disorders: We have not crossed the borderline from hypothesis to proof yet (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- Beyond viral suppression: decoding the mitochondrial-immune axis in HIV-associated inflammation and immune dysfunction.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Astrocytic HIV-1 Nef Expression Decreases Glutamate Transporter Expression in the Nucleus Accumbens and Increases Cocaine-Seeking Behavior in Rats.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- HIV protein Nef expression in human microglia drives the release of distinct Nef-containing extracellular vesicles.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2025Article
- HIV Protein Nef Induces Cardiomyopathy Through Induction of Bcl2 and p21.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Neurodegeneration of Neurotropic Viral Infection.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- The role of autophagy in the progression of HIV infected cardiomyopathy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Oxidative phosphorylation in HIV-1 infection: impacts on cellular metabolism and immune function.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- mSphere of Influence: Hooray for HaloTag! A novel tool to study autophagy in mammalian cells.mSphere · 2023Article
- Neuro-HIV-New insights into pathogenesis and emerging therapeutic targets.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2023Article
- Role of Dysregulated Autophagy in HIV Tat, Cocaine, and cART Mediated NLRP3 Activation in Microglia.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2023Article
- Harnessing Autophagy to Overcome Antigen-Specific T-Cell Dysfunction: Implication for People Living with HIV-1.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- HIV Nef Expression Down-modulated GFAP Expression and Altered Glutamate Uptake and Release and Proliferation in Astrocytes.Aging and disease · 2023Article
- Human iPSC-derived neurons reveal NMDAR-independent dysfunction following HIV-associated insults.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A significant number of people living with HIV (PLWH) develop HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) despite highly effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). Dysregulated macroautophagy (autophagy) is implicated in HAND pathogenesis. The viral protein Nef, expressed even with suppressive ART, and certain antiretrovirals affect autophagy in non-CNS cells. Astrocytes, vital for CNS microenvironment homeostasis and neuronal health, require autophagy for their own homeostasis. We hypothesized that extracellular Nef and/or ART impact astrocyte autophagy, thus contributing to HAND. We studied in-bulk and selective autophagic flux in primary human astrocytes treated with extracellular Nef and/or a combination of tenofovir+emtricitabine+raltegravir (ART) using Western blotting, a tandem fluorescent LC3 reporter, and transmission electron microscopy/morphometry. We show that after 24 h treatment, Nef and ART decrease autophagosomes through different mechanisms. While Nef accelerates autophagosome degradation without inducing autophagosome formation, ART inhibits autophagosome formation. Combination Nef+ART further depletes autophagosomes by inducing both abnormalities. Additionally, extracellular Nef and/or ART inhibit lysosomal degradation of p62, indicating Nef and/or ART affect in-bulk and selective autophagy differently. Dysregulation of both autophagic processes is maintained after 7 days of Nef and/or ART treatment. Persistent autophagy dysregulation due to chronic Nef and/or ART exposure may ultimately result in astrocyte and neuronal dysfunction, contributing to HAND.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.