ArticleThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2021
Bronchoalveolar lavage cytokine patterns in children with severe neutrophilic and paucigranulocytic asthma.
Article in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bronchiectasis in children: a systematic review of cytokine profile, immune cell phenotypes and microbiota in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Pooled it
- Rhinovirus-infected preschool children with problematic wheeze have lung eosinophilic inflammation.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Bronchial epithelial transcriptome reveals dysregulated interferon and inflammatory responses to rhinovirus in exacerbation-prone pediatric asthma.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Immunotherapy for asthma.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
- Transcriptomic Profiling of Bronchial Epithelium Reveals Dysregulated Interferon and Inflammatory Responses to Rhinovirus in Exacerbation-Prone Pediatric Asthma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The immunology of asthma.Nature immunology · 2025Review
- Chronic Inflammation in Asthma: Looking Beyond the Th2 Cell.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Integrative Roles of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines on Airway Smooth Muscle Structure and Function in Asthma.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Inflammation-induced loss of CFTR-expressing airway ionocytes in non-eosinophilic asthma.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2025Article
- Progressive accumulation of hyperinflammatory NKG2DScience immunology · 2024Article
- Advances in non-type 2 severe asthma: from molecular insights to novel treatment strategies.The European respiratory journal · 2024Review
- Protein-Protein interactive networks identified in bronchoalveolar lavage of severe compared to nonsevere asthma.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2024Article
- The Roles of MicroRNAs in Asthma and Emerging Insights into the Effects of Vitamin DNutrients · 2024Review
- Low CD46 expression on activated CD4Frontiers in allergy · 2024Article
- Childhood asthma phenotypes and endotypes: a glance into the mosaic.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2023Review
- T helper 2 cells in asthma.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2023Review
- Screening of key genes in childhood asthma based on bioinformatics analysis.Translational pediatrics · 2023Article
- T2-Low Asthma: A Discussed but Still Orphan Disease.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Review
- Leukotriene BBiomedicines · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAsthma is a complex heterogeneous disease occurring in adults and children that is characterized by distinct inflammatory patterns. While numerous studies have been performed in adults, little is known regarding the heterogeneity of severe asthma in children, particularly inflammatory signatures involving the air spaces.
objectiveWe sought to determine the relationship of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cytokine/chemokine expression patterns in children with severe therapy-resistant asthma stratified according to neutrophilic versus nonneutrophilic BAL inflammatory cell patterns.
methodsChildren with severe asthma with inadequate symptom control despite therapy underwent diagnostic bronchoscopy and BAL. Inflammatory cytokine/chemokine concentrations were determined using a multiplex protein bead assay.
resultsAnalysis of BAL constituents with an unbiased clustering approach revealed distinct cytokine/chemokine patterns, and these aligned with pathways associated with type 2 innate lymphoid cells, monocytes, neutrophil trafficking, and T effector cells. All cytokines examined (n = 27) with 1 exception (vascular endothelial growth factor) were overexpressed with BAL neutrophilia compared with nonneutrophilic asthma, and this was confirmed in a cross-validation analysis. Cytokines specifically responsible for T
conclusionsThe results demonstrate that children with refractory asthma and neutrophilic inflammation had a BAL cytokine pattern consistent with a mixed T
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.