ReviewFASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology2020
Genetic gateways to COVID-19 infection: Implications for risk, severity, and outcomes.
Review in FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to COVID-19 disease and severity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Genetic susceptibility of COVID-19: a systematic review of current evidence.European journal of medical research · 2021Pooled it
- The Role of Host Genetic Factors in Coronavirus Susceptibility: Review of Animal and Systematic Review of Human Literature.American journal of human genetics · 2020Pooled it
- Article
- Role of the Inflammasome Pathway According to the Expression of Proteins and Genetic Polymorphisms in COVID-19 Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Observational
- Association of TLR8 Variants in Sex-Based Clinical Differences in Patients with COVID-19.Biochemical genetics · 2025Article
- Association of TLR8 Variants in Sex-Based Clinical Differences in Patients with COVID-19.Biochemical genetics · 2025Article
- HLA Polymorphisms and COVID-19 Susceptibility and Severity: Insights From an Iranian Patients Cohort.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Viral and immune profiles during the first wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized patients in Sardinia, Italy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- TNF/IFN-γ Co-Signaling Induces Differential Cellular Activation in COVID-19 Patients: Implications for Patient Outcomes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Mutations in ace2 gene modulate cytokine levels and alter immune responses inFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Long COVID-19 autoantibodies and their potential effect on fertility.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Immunity and Coagulation in COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Impacts of Inflammatory Cytokines Variants on Systemic Inflammatory Profile and COVID-19 Severity.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Article
- A multi-omics strategy to understand PASC through the RECOVER cohorts: a paradigm for a systems biology approach to the study of chronic conditions.Frontiers in systems biology · 2024Review
- Host genetic polymorphisms involved in long-term symptoms of COVID-19.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- No Association between SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Polymorphism of the Toll-like Receptor 7 (Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Long non-coding RNAs ANRIL, THRIL, and NEAT1 as potential circulating biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease severity.Virus research · 2023Article
- Role of FokI rs2228570 and Tru9I rs757343 Polymorphisms in the Mortality of Patients Infected with Different Variants of SARS-CoV-2.Archives of medical research · 2023Article
- The Complex Association between COPD and COVID-19.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The dynamics, such as transmission, spatial epidemiology, and clinical course of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) have emerged as the most intriguing features and remain incompletely understood. The genetic landscape of an individual in particular, and a population in general seems to play a pivotal role in shaping the above COVID-19 dynamics. Considering the implications of host genes in the entry and replication of SARS-CoV-2 and in mounting the host immune response, it appears that multiple genes might be crucially involved in the above processes. Herein, we propose three potentially important genetic gateways to COVID-19 infection; these could explain at least in part the discrepancies of its spread, severity, and mortality. The variations within Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) gene might constitute the first genetic gateway, influencing the spatial transmission dynamics of COVID-19. The Human Leukocyte Antigen locus, a master regulator of immunity against infection seems to be crucial in influencing susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 and can be the second genetic gateway. The genes regulating Toll-like receptor and complement pathways and subsequently cytokine storm induced exaggerated inflammatory pathways seem to underlie the severity of COVID-19, and such genes might represent the third genetic gateway. Host-pathogen interaction is a complex event and some additional genes might also contribute to the dynamics of COVID-19. Overall, these three genetic gateways proposed here might be the critical host determinants governing the risk, severity, and outcome of COVID-19. Genetic variations within these gateways could be key in influencing geographical discrepancies of COVID-19.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.