ArticleNature reviews. Materials2019
Material design for lymph node drug delivery.
Article in Nature reviews. Materials, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 211 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
211 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 446 citations in OpenAlex.
- New trends in brain tumor immunity with the opportunities of lymph nodes targeted drug delivery.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Pooled it
- Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Shaping Immune Responses in the Lymph Node Microenvironment.Biology of the cell · 2026Review
- Advancing Type 1 Diabetes Treatment: 3 PM-Oriented Innovations in Islet Transplantation and Biomaterial Engineering.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Review
- Immunofunctions of Protein and Carbohydrate Assemblies Modulated by Structures Acrossing Scales as Biomaterials.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Immunoregulatory strategies of MOF-based nanodrug delivery systems: Advances in cancer therapy applications and future perspectives.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Nanoplatforms for Sentinel and Tumor-Draining Lymph Node Mapping: From Visualization to Pathway-Informed Staging.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Impact of pleural anthracosis severity on the structure and function of subcarinal lymph nodes.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Nanoparticle Engineering in Modern Vaccinology: From Delivery Platforms to Immune-Programming Architectures.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Intraorgan and targeted nanodelivery in organ transplantation of nonhuman primates.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2026Article
- Smart Nanomaterials and Natural Biologics for Innate-Adaptive Immune Reprogramming: A Nanobiotechnology Framework for Translational Medicine.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Ready-to-load MHC-I nanoparticles for high-throughput T cell screening studies.Science advances · 2026Article
- Tumor-Induced Splenic Remodeling: Mechanisms of Systemic Immunosuppression and Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Review
- A Structurally Dynamic Pathogen-Mimicking Biomaterial Is an Efficient Activator of Dendritic Cells.ACS materials letters · 2026Article
- TLR9-activating cholesterol azetidine derivative-assisted therapeutic vaccines for cancer immunotherapy.Science advances · 2026Article
- Biodegradable targeted polymeric mRNA nanoparticles enable in vivo CD19 CAR T cell generation and lead to B cell depletion.Science advances · 2026Article
- Nanoparticles reveal permanent and reversible changes to lymph node biomechanics during inflammatory response.Biomaterials · 2026Article
- Multicomponent Ganoderma lucidum spore-based solid self-nanoemulsifying system of paclitaxel for improved lymphatic absorption and immune synergistic antitumor strategy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- A Rationally Engineered Spleen-Tropic One-Component Lipid-mRNA Complex (OncoLRC) for Cancer Vaccines.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Article
151 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A significant fraction of the total immune cells in the body are located in several hundred lymph nodes, in which lymphocyte accumulation, activation and proliferation are organized. Therefore, targeting lymph nodes provides the possibility to directly deliver drugs to lymphocytes and lymph node-resident cells and thus to modify the adaptive immune response. However, owing to the structure and anatomy of lymph nodes, as well as the distinct localization and migration of the different cell types within the lymph node, it is difficult to access specific cell populations by delivering free drugs. Materials can be used as instructive delivery vehicles to achieve accumulation of drugs in the lymph nodes and to target specific lymph node-resident cell subtypes. In this Review, we describe the compartmental architecture of lymph nodes and the cell and fluid transport mechanisms to and from lymph nodes. We discuss the different entry routes into lymph nodes and how they can be explored for drug delivery, including the lymphatics, blood capillaries, high endothelial venules, cell-mediated pathways, homing of circulating lymphocytes and direct lymph node injection. We examine different nanoscale and microscale materials for the targeting of specific immune cells and highlight their potential for the treatment of immune dysfunction and for cancer immunotherapy. Finally, we give an outlook to the field, exploring how lymph node targeting can be improved by the use of materials.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.