ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2020
Diagnostic Accuracy of Pan-Degenerate Amplification and Adaptation Assay for HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutation Analysis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparing pill counts and patient self-reports versus DBS tenofovir concentrations as ART adherence measurements with virologic outcomes and HIV drug resistance in a cohort of adolescents and young adults failing ART in Harare, Zimbabwe.Journal of infection and public health · 2024Trial
- Oligonucleotide Ligation Assay (OLA)-Simple: Field Implementation, Usability, and Performance of a near Point-of-Care HIV Drug Resistance Assay in Kenya.Laboratories · 2026Article
- Advancing HIV Drug Resistance Technologies and Strategies: Insights from South Africa's Experience and Future Directions for Resource-Limited Settings.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Need assessment for HIV drug resistance testing and landscape of current and future technologies in low- and middle-income countries.PLOS global public health · 2023Review
- Point-of-Care Tests for HIV Drug Resistance Monitoring: Advances and Potentials.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Rapid HIV-1 drug resistance testing in a resource limited setting: the Pan Degenerate Amplification and Adaptation assay (PANDAA).The Pan African medical journal · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) is a barrier to sustained virologic suppression in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Point mutation assays targeting priority drug resistance mutations (DRMs) are being evaluated to improve access to HIVDR testing. In a cross-sectional study (June 2018 to September 2019), we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of a simple and rapid HIVDR assay (the pan-degenerate amplification and adaptation [PANDAA] assay targeting the mutations K65R, K103NS, M184VI, Y181C, and G190A) compared to Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Plasma samples from adolescents and young adults (aged 10 to 24 years) failing antiretroviral therapy (viral load, >1,000 copies/ml on 2 consecutive occasions 1 month apart) were analyzed. Sensitivity and specificity of the PANDAA assay were determined by a proprietary application designed by Aldatu Biosciences. Agreement between genotyping methods was evaluated using Cohen's kappa coefficient. One hundred fifty samples previously characterized by Sanger sequencing were evaluated using PANDAA. For all DRMs detected, PANDAA showed a sensitivity and specificity of 98% and 94%, respectively. For nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor DRMs, sensitivity and specificity were 98% (95% confidence interval [CI], 92% to 100%) and 100% (94% to 100%), respectively. For non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor DRMs, sensitivity and specificity were 100% (97% to 100%) and 76% (61% to 87%), respectively. PANDAA showed strong agreement with Sanger sequencing for K65R, K103NS, M184VI, and G190A (kappa > 0.85) and substantial agreement for Y181C (kappa = 0.720). Of the 21 false-positive samples genotyped by PANDAA, only 6 (29%) were identified as low-abundance variants by NGS. With the high sensitivity and specificity to detect major DRMs, PANDAA could represent a simple and rapid alternative HIVDR assay in LMICs.
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Registered trials
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