ArticleBMC public health2020
Regional economic development, household income, gender and hypertension: evidence from half a million Chinese.
Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
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- Prevalence and clustering trends association of modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors and ASCVD risk change in ethnic areas of the Southwest China plateau: progressively increasing sex disparity.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Association Between Area-Level Deprivation and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors Among the Adult Population in Russia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Assessing the relationship between sex, gender, and hypertension: A federated analysis of European and Canadian Public Health Surveys.Medicine · 2025Article
- Sex Difference and Socioeconomic Inequity in Chinese People With Hypertension: National Cross-Sectional Survey Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Lifestyle Factors, Sociodemographic Characteristics and Incident Hypertension: A Prospective Analysis of the Korean National Health Insurance Service Sample Cohort.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Does social support improve self-management among rural hypertensive patients? An empirical analysis based on generalized propensity score matching.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Association of Catastrophic Health Expenditure With the Risk of Depression in Chinese Adults: Population-Based Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Article
- Catastrophic health expenditure and the risk of depression among middle-aged and old people in China: a national population-based longitudinal study.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2023Article
- High engagement in mobile peer support is associated with better glycemic control in type 1 diabetes: A real-world study.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Article
- Stillbirth trends by maternal sociodemographic characteristics among a large internal migrant population in Shenzhen, China, over a 10-year period: a retrospective study.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Can supplementary private health insurance further supplement health.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Deterioration in glycemic control on schooldays among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A continuous glucose monitoring-based study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Provincial heterogeneity in the management of care cascade for hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia in China: Analysis of nationally representative population-based survey.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- A bibliometric analysis of income and cardiovascular disease: Status, Hotspots, Trends and Outlook.Medicine · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHypertension may be influenced by multiple factors, including social and individual determinants. Regional and individual economic disparity in China is closely associated with such factors that may give rise to diverse health outcomes. This study examines the relationship between regional economic development, household income, gender and hypertension prevalence in China.
methodsThis study utilized data from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB), a population-based study on half a million Chinese adults from 10 geographically distinct regions. Hypertension was identified by a measured systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg or receiving treatment. Regional economic development was inferred from GDP per capita at the time of the study. A logistic regression based method was used in calculating the prevalence of hypertension in different household income, regional economic development, and gender groups, adjusting for demographic, social-economic and lifestyle factors.
resultsThe prevalence of hypertension was the lowest in the medium GDP per capita areas in both male (31.62, 95% CI: 31.26-31.98%) and female (22.85, 95% CI: 22.50-23.19%) as compared to that in the low GDP per capita regions (male: 32.75, 95% CI 32.41-33.08%; female: 32.12, 95% CI: 31.78-32.47%) and high GDP per capita areas (male: 39.74, 95% CI: 39.33-40.16%; female: 35.19, 95% CI: 34.74-35.65%). There was an inverse relationship between hypertension and household income in the low and high GDP areas and an U-shaped association in the medium GDP per capita areas. Higher hypertension prevalence was observed in males across all GDP per capita areas. The negative correlation between hypertension and household income (across all GDP per captia areas) was stronger in females than in males.
conclusionsThe present study underlined the important influence of regional economic development, household income and gender on hypertension. Interventions for hypertension prevention and management should take into consideration the influence of sex difference and socioeconomic disparities at both micro- and macro- levels, in addition to a person-centered approach.
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