ReviewBiomedicines2020
Free Fatty Acid Receptors 2 and 3 as Microbial Metabolite Sensors to Shape Host Health: Pharmacophysiological View.
Review in Biomedicines, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Postbiotics as a novel intervention for obesity management and improving metabolic parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Short-chain fatty acid-producing commensals: Key modulators of AD neuroinflammation via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.Current research in microbial sciences · 2026Review
- Foods as Modulators of GLP-1 Secretion.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Insights into Microbiota-Vaccine Crosstalk in Humans: Mechanisms, Modulators, and Translational Horizons.Vaccines · 2026Review
- From metabolites to membrane vesicles: Unifying gut microbial signals in obesity, t2dm, and MASLD.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiota and Brain Aging: Identifying Keystone Biomarkers for Cognitive Health.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Dairy Bioactive Compounds as Precision Modulators of Gut Microbiota: From Molecular Mechanisms to Personalized Immunometabolic Health.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Modulation of Innate Immunity by Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Probiotic and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Therapies for the Treatment of Colon Disorders.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- From Womb to Weaning: Microbial Signals That Shape the Developing Brain.Developmental neuroscience · 2026Review
- Fermented Plant-Based Foods and Postbiotics for Glycemic Control-Microbial Biotransformation of Phytochemicals.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Genetic diversity of Collaborative Cross mice implicates FFAR3 as a target for ILC2 anti-inflammatory reprogramming.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Lacto-fermented vegetables as dynamic food ecosystems: emerging mechanisms along the microbiome-gut-brain axis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Modulation of the microbiota-enteric nervous system axis by environmental factors: from adaptive plasticity to maladaptive neuroenteric remodeling.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Beneficial impacts of postbiotic components -- Crosstalk between gut and organs.Current research in food science · 2026Review
- The immunoregulatory effect of short-chain fatty acids in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Exercise-based modulation of the gut-brain axis: a new direction for neurorehabilitation in Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- Host-gut microbiota interactions in health and disease: mechanisms and intervention strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- The bridging role of gut microbiota-derived metabolites in neuropathic pain comorbid with anxiety.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- The potential of microbiome modulators to improve quality of life in cancer survivors through gut microbiome-immune interactions.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Tirzepatide and the gut microbiota-obesity axis: metabolic mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The role of the gut microbiome in human health is becoming apparent. The major functional impact of the gut microbiome is transmitted through the microbial metabolites that are produced in the gut and interact with host cells either in the local gut environment or are absorbed into circulation to impact distant cells/organs. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the major microbial metabolites that are produced in the gut through the fermentation of non-digestible fibers. SCFAs are known to function through various mechanisms, however, their signaling through free fatty acid receptors 2 and 3 (FFAR2/3; type of G-coupled protein receptors) is a new therapeutic approach. FFAR2/3 are widely expressed in diverse cell types in human and mice, and function as sensors of SCFAs to change several physiological and cellular functions. FFAR2/3 modulate neurological signaling, energy metabolism, intestinal cellular homeostasis, immune response, and hormone synthesis. FFAR2/3 function through Gi and/or Gq signaling, that is mediated through specific structural features of SCFAs-FFAR2/3 bindings and modulating specific signaling pathway. In this review, we discuss the wide-spread expression and structural homologies between human and mice FFAR2/3, and their role in different human health conditions. This information can unlock opportunities to weigh the potential of FFAR2/3 as a drug target to prevent human diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.