Observational studyPloS one2020
The association of developmental trajectories of adolescent mental health with early-adult functioning.
Observational study in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sleep Disorders in Early Childhood and the Development of Mental Health Problems in Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal and Prospective Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Links between Discipline Practices and Early Childhood Behavior Problems: Universal or Culture-Specific?Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Article
- Assessing key mental health-related lifestyle behaviours and experiences in a single scale: a validation of the Personal Experiences in Everyday Life (PEEL) questionnaire.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- The role of social support in the association between adolescent emotional and behavioral problems and quality of life in young adulthood in youth residential care leavers.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Stress and Internalizing Problems in Adolescents: A Dynamic Longitudinal Analysis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Article
- Clinician perspectives about delivering a blended care treatment model for adolescent depression: a qualitative study.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2025Article
- The impact of perceived social support on children's problem behaviors: the parallel mediating roles of attentional bias.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Adolescents' internalizing and externalizing symptom trajectories in relation to early-life parental depressive symptoms.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Article
- Research Review: A review of the past decade of family and genomic studies on adolescent mental health.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Review
- Rumination Mediates the Relation of Hostile Attribution to Psychological Maladjustment Among Adolescents from Three Countries.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2025Article
- My Story and Me: a narrative study of young women and girls' stories of their mental health and associated support.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Article
- Anterior pituitary gland volume mediates associations between adrenarche and changes in transdiagnostic symptoms in youth.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2025Article
- Joint developmental trajectories of depressive symptoms, perceived stress in adolescence and their relationship with smartphone addiction.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Coupled changes between ruminating thoughts and resting-state brain networks during the transition into adulthood.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Addressing Mental Health and Social Needs in Tandem to Promote Health Equity.Pediatric clinics of North America · 2024Review
- Longitudinal study of childhood sleep trajectories and adolescent mental health problems.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2024Article
- Use of general practitioner services among youth and young adults in Norway from 2006 to 2021.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2023Article
- Longitudinal studies of child mental disorders in the general population: A systematic review of study characteristics.JCPP advances · 2023Article
- Mental health knowledge and classroom experiences of school teachers in Aragon, Spain.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMental health problems during adolescence may create a problematic start into adulthood for affected individuals. Usually, categorical indicators of adolescent mental health issues (yes/no psychiatric disorder) are used in studies into long-term functional outcomes. This however does not take into account the full spectrum of mental health, nor does it consider the trajectory of mental health problem development over time. The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to identify distinct developmental trajectories of (co-occurring) internalizing and externalizing mental health symptoms over the course of adolescence (ages 11-19), and (2) to document the associations between these adolescent trajectories and economic, social, and health outcomes in young adulthood (age 22), unadjusted and adjusted for childhood functioning, putative confounders and current mental health.
methodsData were used from the Dutch TRAILS cohort study (subsample n = 1524, 47.3% males). Self-reported INT and EXT symptoms using the Youth/Adult Self Report were assessed four times (ages 11y, 13y, 16y, 19y). Adolescent mental health trajectories were estimated using Parallel-Processes Latent Class Growth Analyses. Self-reported economic, social, and health outcomes and parent-reported current mental health (using Adult Behaviour Checklist) were assessed at age 22. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to test associations between trajectories and outcomes.
resultsFour distinct trajectory classes were identified: (1) a normative class with decreasing-low INT+EXT symptoms (n = 460), (2) continuous moderately-high INT+EXT (n = 298), (3) continuous moderate, INT>EXT (n = 414), and (4) decreasing moderate, EXT>INT (n = 352). Compared to the normative class, the other three trajectories generally predicted less optimal early-adult outcomes, with the strongest effects observed for individuals with continuous moderate-high levels of both INT and EXT symptoms throughout adolescence. The associations largely remained after adjustment for pre-adolescent functioning, selected confounders and current mental health.
conclusionsBoth adolescent trajectories and current mental health had substantial independent effects on early-adult functioning.
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