ReviewFrontiers of medicine2021
Factors influencing peak bone mass gain.
Review in Frontiers of medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 161 citations in OpenAlex.
- Key Factors Impacting Performance Health During Growth and Maturation in Adolescent Competitive Aesthetic and Acrobatic Athletes: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Pooled it
- Romosozumab adverse event profile: a pharmacovigilance analysis based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from 2019 to 2023.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association between sedentary behavior and bone mass, microstructure and strength in children, adolescents and young adults: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Does Swimming Exercise Impair Bone Health? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Comparing the Evidence in Humans and Rodent Models.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Pooled it
- Body Composition Changes in Adolescents Who Underwent Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Current obesity reports · 2024Pooled it
- Association between Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- International Exercise Recommendations in Older Adults (ICFSR): Expert Consensus Guidelines.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2021Guideline
- Unlocking forensic potential: machine learning-driven estimation of sex, age, and stature from proximal femur using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Article
- Mechanistic Insights into Milk Minerals Driving Bone Development and Mineralization in Growing Rats.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Bone mineral density in adolescents and young women with hypogonadism: a DXA-based comparative analysis.Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association · 2026Article
- Mechanical Stimulation Drives Multicellular Synergy and Signaling Pathways in Developing Skeletal Tissues.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Effects of two exercise modalities and subsequent detraining on trabecular bone microarchitecture in growing male rats.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Advanced Bayesian BMD-Derived Genome-Wide Polygenic Scores Enhance Clinical FRAX-Based Fracture Risk Prediction in Postmenopausal Women.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Association between lymphocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio and total bone mineral density in 8-19-year-old children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study.European journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Article
- Bone Health in Ajman: A Cross-Sectional Study of Bone Mineral Density Among Adults.Journal of osteoporosis · 2026Article
- From repellent to risk: DEET's adverse effects on hormones and bone health in kids.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Urinary equol concentration, body composition, and lifestyle factors were associated with bone mass in young women.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Genetically informed causal links between gut microbiota and bone mass: pleiotropy and metabolic mediation.Nature communications · 2025Article
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Bone mass is a key determinant of osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Epidemiologic studies have shown that a 10% increase in peak bone mass (PBM) at the population level reduces the risk of fracture later in life by 50%. Low PBM is possibly due to the bone loss caused by various conditions or processes that occur during adolescence and young adulthood. Race, gender, and family history (genetics) are responsible for the majority of PBM, but other factors, such as physical activity, calcium and vitamin D intake, weight, smoking and alcohol consumption, socioeconomic status, age at menarche, and other secondary causes (diseases and medications), play important roles in PBM gain during childhood and adolescence. Hence, the optimization of lifestyle factors that affect PBM and bone strength is an important strategy to maximize PBM among adolescents and young people, and thus to reduce the low bone mass or osteoporosis risk in later life. This review aims to summarize the available evidence for the common but important factors that influence bone mass gain during growth and development and discuss the advances of developing high PBM.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.