ArticleBlood2020
How I treat relapsed or refractory AML.
Article in Blood, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 134 citations in OpenAlex.
- Outcomes with chimeric antigen receptor t-cell therapy in relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Consolidation Therapy Based on Mutation Clearance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.NEJM evidence · 2026Trial
- A Phase 2 Trial of CPX-351 Combined With Venetoclax in Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia.American journal of hematology · 2025Trial
- A phase 2 pilot study of umbilical cord blood infusion as an adjuvant consolidation therapy in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Trial
- Guadecitabine vs TC in relapsed/refractory AML after intensive chemotherapy: a randomized phase 3 ASTRAL-2 trial.Blood advances · 2024Trial
- Single-center phase 2 study of PD-1 inhibitor combined with DNA hypomethylation agent + CAG regimen in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Trial
- HMA + venetoclax triplet regimens for the initial treatment of AML in adults.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Pristimerin enhances erastin-induced ferroptosis in AML cells via the ATF3/SLC7A11 axis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibition Overcomes FLT3 Inhibitor Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- TRIM24 stabilizes the p110 CUX1 oncoprotein via USP10 to promote chemoresistance in acute myeloid leukemia.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Rapid Transcription Dynamics Confers Cytarabine Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Blood cancer discovery · 2026Article
- Leveraging Deep Learning to Construct a Programmed Cell Death-Driven Prognostic Signature in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from different donor types in primary refractory acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the ALWP of the EBMT.Bone marrow transplantation · 2026Article
- The LMO2-LDB1-TAL1 complex regulates transcription networks in acute myeloid leukemia.Blood neoplasia · 2026Article
- IL-15 overexpression promotes memory program and anti-tumor activity of CD64 CAR T cells in a preclinical AML model.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Liposomal mitoxantrone, venetoclax and azacitidine in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukaemia and early induction failure: a single-centre real-world study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Bone marrow plasma cytokine composition indicates acute myeloid leukemia progression and treatment response.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in children diagnosed with acute myeloid leukaemia in Uganda.BMC cancer · 2025Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Treatment of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has presented challenges for hematologists for decades. Despite numerous clinical studies, outcomes are consistently disappointing with 5-year overall survival rates of ∼10%. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation at the time of second complete remission remains the only reliable option with curative potential. However, recent approval of several new agents has transformed treatment paradigms that had been in place for almost half a century in AML. This new therapeutic landscape provides the opportunity to revisit the approach to relapsed or refractory AML. Through illustrative cases, we describe our approach, which increasingly relies on specific disease biology. We focus on treatment outside of the context of clinical trials because such trials are not available in most parts of the world. Primarily, we consider age, fitness to tolerate intensive chemotherapy, remission duration, and presence of a targetable mutation to guide treatment. The coming years will inevitably bring new targets and agents that may prove most effective when combined with each other and/or chemotherapy. Future studies are needed to determine how best to implement this evolving armamentarium of treatment options, to elucidate mechanisms of resistance, and to continue the pursuit of novel drug discovery.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.